Types of regions in geography UPSC

The following are the three types of the region:

• Formal Region
• Functional Region
• Perception region or vernacular region or Mental region

Formal Region: 

In a formal region, the homogeneous geographical character( can be natural or artificial) is uniformly existing in all geographical areas. Some visible or clear-cut boundaries of the formal region may be seen.
Examples: 

• Shifting cultivation region, 
• Paddy cultivation region
• The mountainous region, plain region
• Manufacturing region
• Political regions such as country, state, districts, communist region, socialist region, capitalist region, democratic region.
• Planning regions such as BIMARU region, least developed region.

Functional region

A geographical area in which areas are interconnected with some specific function. The intensity of the Geographical character of the region decreases from the core of the region to the periphery.
For example, 

• Newspaper influences region: demand for a particular newspaper decrease from the center of the region to the periphery. 
• Influence role of the city, 
• 200 cm annular rainfall region
• District headquarters region
• Functional region of hospitals or schools. 

The distance decay principle applies in the functional region.

Perception region or vernacular region or Mental region:

The region exists only in the human mind and it varies from person to person. 
For example, 

• a cultural region, 
• Hindi region, 
• Tamil region, 
• the BJP region, 
• Congress region

Perception of specific culture or language varies from person to person; my perception of the BJP region will be different from my friend's perception.

Previous years question asked in UPSC mains paper.

• What is the concept of the region? Discuss the types of regions. (2006, 10 marks) 

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