Use of Water:
Where water we get?
Water is covered by 2/3rd of the earth's surface. Most of the water in the Ocean and Seas are Saline water, hence they do not fit for drinking, domestic uses, industrial and agriculture use.
The ocean is an important part of the water supply via evaporation.
Water cycle:
Circulation of all the water on the earth's surface is called the water cycle. The following diagrams show the water cycle.
Rainfall is not uniform everywhere,
Excess rainfall leads the many problems like:
If not rain for a long time:
How do we conserve water?
Water demand is increasing due to:
Rainwater Harvesting
One way to increase the availability of water is to collect rainwater where it falls and stores it for later use. Collected water in this way is called rainwater harvesting.
There are two techniques for rainwater harvesting:
Concrete roads and buildings do not soak and seep water, it is the main cause of the urban flood.
- Drinking, Brushing, Bathing, Washing Utensils
- Washing Clothe, Cleaning Toilets and floor
- Crop growing
- Making Fabric
- Industrial Purpose
- Water is needed for Production of all of the things
Where water we get?
- River, Ponds, Spring
- Well, Lake
- Hand Pump, Water taps
Water is covered by 2/3rd of the earth's surface. Most of the water in the Ocean and Seas are Saline water, hence they do not fit for drinking, domestic uses, industrial and agriculture use.
The ocean is an important part of the water supply via evaporation.
Water cycle:
Circulation of all the water on the earth's surface is called the water cycle. The following diagrams show the water cycle.
 |
| Water Cycle |
Rainfall is not uniform everywhere,
Excess rainfall leads the many problems like:
- Rise of water level in river, lakes, and ponds causes floods
- Crops fields, forests, villages, cities may get submerged, at the result huge economic losses and food security problems.
- Extensive damage to domestic animal, property, and human life.
- Soil degradations
If not rain for a long time:
- Drought occurs
- Soil Continues to lose water by evaporation and transpiration, at the result:
- Soils become dry
- Ponds, lakes, rivers dry up.
- Groundwater becomes dry and scarce
- Difficult to get food and fodder.
How do we conserve water?
- An only a small fraction of water available on the earth is fit for use of plants, animals, and humans.
- Total water in the earth remains the same but water availability is limited it decreasing over time
Water demand is increasing due to:
- Rising population
- Need more food
- Industrial growth
Rainwater Harvesting
One way to increase the availability of water is to collect rainwater where it falls and stores it for later use. Collected water in this way is called rainwater harvesting.
There are two techniques for rainwater harvesting:
- Rooftop rainwater harvesting:
- Rainwater collected from rooftop through pipes to storage tank or directly to ground pits then it will seep to the soil to recharge the groundwater.
- Other option:
- Allow water to go into the ground directly from roadside drains that collect rainwater.
Concrete roads and buildings do not soak and seep water, it is the main cause of the urban flood.
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