Discuss the India-Pakistan border dispute and highlight the related Geo-Political issues.
( UPPSC, UP PCS, 2019, 15 Marks)
भारत-पाकिस्तान सीमा विवाद की विवेचना किजिये तथा एसके संबंधित भू-राजनीतिक मुद्दों पर प्रकाश डालिये।
Answer:
India and Pakistan are two nuclear neighboring countries. Pakistan is located western Side of India's border and shared 3323 km. On the Indian side, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Punjab, and Jammu, and Kashmir shared an international border with Pakistan. In
The following territories are disputed between India and Pakistan.
- Kashmir
- Siachin Glacier
- Sir Creek Dispute
Kashmir:
Both India and Pakistan Claims the entire erstwhile Jammu and Kashmir State, now it has been divide into five parts:
- PoK( Pakistan Occupied Kashmir):
- Control and administrated by Pakistan
- Shaksgam Valley:
- It was part of Pok up to 1963. In 1963, Pakistan sold Saksgam Valley to China.
- Jammu and Kashmir:
- It is the Union territory of India and Control and Administered by India.
- Ladakh:
- It is the Union Territory of India.
- Akshai Chin:
- In the 1962 war, China illegally occupied the Akchai chin. It is a part of Ladakh Union territory.
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| India Pakistan Border Issues |
Siachin Glacier:
- Before 1984, both countries do not have permanent control over Siachin Glaciers.
- Through the Meghdoot operation, India established a permanent settlement.
Sir Creek Dispute:
- It is a 96 km estuary in Rann of Kutch.
- Pakistan claims the entire Sir Creek as per the 1914 agreement between the Government of Sindh and the Government of Kutch.
- India claims the entire Sir Creek Dispute as per British Map 1925.
Geopolitics Issue related to India Pakistan Issues:
Geopolitics means the effect of geographical areas in national, regional, and international politics and other issues.
The following geopolitical issues arise due to India-Pakistan Border issues:
- Alway war-like situation and instability in South Asia.
- Both Countries are Nuclear-armed and both are in the Arms race.
- Due to Border conflict, new disputes are emerging such as terrorism, water dispute, fishermen issues.
- SAARC is dead now because of the border disputes.
- It affecting the poverty alleviation program and development policy in both India and Pakistan.
- China supports Pakistan on International Firms over border issues between India. Here, China and Pakistan's lobby is seen against India. China supports Pakistan and the USA is against China, hence the USA India Lobby on seen on Internation Issues.
- Pakistan tried many times in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation(OIC) forum to act against India.
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