Examine the factors affecting the evolution and development of settlements.
( UPPSC, UP PCS, 2019, 15 Marks)
अधिवासों की उत्पत्ति एवं विकास को प्रभावित करने वाले कारको की परीक्षा कीजिये.
Keywords:
- Natural factor,
- The human factor,
- Technology,
- Economic opportunities,
- Potable water,
- Climate
Answer:
Settlements are places where people built their homes temporarily or permanently. The early human was settled at the tree and in caves but later human builts their Mud home in the village and now humans are building colonies in the city.
The following are an example of human settlements:
- Hamlet
- Village
- City
- Megacities
Human settlements are evolved and developed from Cave to Megacities over time. The following factors are responsible for the evolution and development of settlements.
- Natural Factors
- Climate
- Availability of Potable Water
- Fertile Land
- Topography or Terrains
- Human Factors:
- Transportation and communication facilities
- Availability of Economic Opportunities
- Law and Order
- Social Peace
- Pollution
Climate:
- The mild climate is preferable to human settlement and harsh climate generally not preferable for human settlement. That is why the sparsely human settlement is found in the equatorial region, desert areas, tundra, and polar region.
Availability of potable water:
- Potable water is necessary for human survival. Hence, dense settlements are developed along with the potable water bodies such as a river, lakes, ponds.
Fertile lands:
- People prefer to live where fertile land is available. Northern Indian plains are one of the dense human settlements.
Topography or Terrains:
- People prefer to develop settlements where slopes are plain or gentle. That is why very sparse settlements are developed in mountains, hills, and rough terrain regions.
Transportation and communication facilities:
- Dense settlements are developed along with highways, railways, waterways, or airports.
Availability of Economic Opportunities:
- Economic opportunities attract people and settlement, that is why cities are dense settle as compare to the village because of economic opportunities.
Law and Order, social Peace:
- People prefer to live where life and property are safe.
Pollution:
- The polluted places are not preferable for human settlement.
ConversionConversion EmoticonEmoticon