Discuss how watershed management has become a tool in the eradication of rural poverty in India.
(UPSC geography optional paper 2 2019, 15 Marks)
Answer:
Table of Contents
- Watershed
- Watershed Management
- Tool for the eradication of rural poverty
Water is Watershed?
A Watershed is a geographical unit of land in which water drains through a common point.
For example, the drainage basin of a river is an example of a big watershed.
What is Watershed Management?
There are two views of Watershed Management:In a Narrow sense:
- Water management means making running water stop and standing water sink inside through check dams, percolation dams, ponds, channels, etc.
- It is a conservation method for both surface and groundwater resources.
In broad Views:
- Watershed management is the conservation, regeneration, and judicious use of all-natural resources including water, animal, plants, land, and human within the watershed.
In 1970, it was for:
- Drought prone areas program
- Desert development program
But later many development projects of central and state governments project are linked to watershed management to eradicate rural poverty.
- Hariyali is a watershed management project of the Central government for enabling the rural population to conserve water for drinking, irrigation, fisheries, and afforestation.
- Neeru-Meeru( Andhra Pradesh means water and you) and Aravary Pani Sansad ( in Rajasthan) lead to the creation of water percolation dam, ponds, check dame, etc.
- It leads to successful rejuvenation of the environment, rural economy, and agriculture in some areas.
Thus, watershed management has become a tool in eradicating rural poverty in India.
Try to solve the following questions:
- Discuss the relevance of ‘watershed’, as an ecosystem for the purpose of sustainable development. (UPSC)
- The salient feature of watershed planning and its advantages and disadvantages. ( UPSC, 2012)
- Explain the concept of a watershed and its utility in land management. (UPSC, 2001)
- Discuss the relationship of the Watershed approach to village-level planning. ( UPSC, 2015)
- Discuss how watershed management has become a tool in the eradication of rural poverty in India( UPSC, 2019)
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- Write short notes on Drought-prone areas of India.
- เคญाเคฐเคค เคे เคธूเคा-เค्เคฐเคธ्เคค เค्เคทेเคค्เคฐों เคชเคฐ เคธंเค्เคทिเคช्เคค เคिเคช्เคชเคฃी เคฒिเคिเค।
- เคฌिเคนाเคฐ เคे เคฌाเฅ เคช्เคฐเคญाเคตिเคค เคเคฐ เคธूเคा เคช्เคฐเคญाเคตिเคค เค्เคทेเคค्เคฐो เคी เคธเคฎเคถ्เคฏाเค เคो เคाเคฌू เคฎें เคฐเคเคจे เคे เคฒिเค เคเคคिเคฐोเคงเคคाเคค्เคฎเค เคเคฐ เคจिเคฆाเคจाเคค्เคฎเค เคเคชाเคฏों เคा เคเคฒ्เคฒेเค เคीเคिเคฏे।
- Experience in regional planning in India
- Five Year Plans
- Integrated rural development programs
- Panchayati Raj and decentralized planning
- Command area development
- Watershed management
- Planning for the backward area
- Desert areas development
- Drought-prone area development
- Hill areas development
- Tribal area development
- Multi-level planning
- Regional planning and development of the island territories
- Development disparity
- Importance of Multi-level planning in the regional development of India
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