The peninsular drainage system | Relief and drainage | UP-PCS | UPPSC| Physical Features |GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA

Table of Contents

• Evaluation of Peninsular drainage system
• East Flowing river
• West flowing river

The peninsular drainage system is older than the Himalayan drainage system as the peninsular river is a largely graded shallow valley.

Evolution of peninsular drainage system:

Three geological events shaped the drainage system:

• Subsidence of western part of peninsular undersea in the tertiary period.
• The upheaval of the Himalayas and the northern part of peninsular subsidence.
• Tilting of the peninsular block from northwest to southeast direction leads to the flow of drainage system towards the Bay of Bengal.
• River system;

East Flowing river or river discharging in the bay of Bengal:

The following are the east-flowing river from north to south:

• Damodar river
• Subarnrekha
• Brahmani
• Mahanadi river
• Godavari river
• Krishna river
• Penner
• Polar
• Ponnaiyar
• Cauvery river
• Vaigai

The following are the description of major rivers:

Mahanadi river

• Origin: 
• Sinawa in Raipur district of Chhatisgarh.
• State: 
• Chhatisgarh and Orissa.
• Length: 
• 852 km
• Drainage basin:
• 53% in Mp and Chhatisgarh
• 47% in Orissa
• Left Bank tributaries:
• Seonath
• Hasdeo
• Monad
• IB
• Right Bank tributaries:
• Jank
• Ong
• Tel

Godavari river:

• The largest river system in peninsular India.
• It is called Dakshin Ganga.
• Origin:
• Nasik district of Maharashtra.
• States:
• Maharashtra,
• Madhya Pradesh,
• Chhatisgarh,
• Odisha
• Andhra Pradesh.
• Length: 
• 1465 km
• 49 % of catchment areas live in Maharashtra.
• Left bank Tributaries:
• Banganaga
• Purna
• Pen Ganga
• Warda
• Wainganga
• Indravati
• Sabari
• Right bank tributaries:
• Nardi
• Darna
• Manjira

Krishna river system:

• Second largest east-flowing river.
• Origin: 
• Near Mahabaleshwar in Sahyadri.
• Length: 
• 1401 km
• Catchment areas:
• 27% Maharashtra
• 44% Karnataka.
• 29% Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.
• Left Bank Tributaries
• Bhima
• Dindi
• Musi
• Paleru
• Munneru
• Right Bank Tributaries:
• Koyna
• GhatPrabha
• MalPrabha
• Tungabhadra

Cauvery River

• Origin:
• Brahmagiri hill in western Ghats in Karnataka.
• Length:
• 800 km
• The upper coarse of the river receives rainfall from the Southwest monsoon and the lower coarse of the river receives rainfall from the Northeast monsoon.
• Basin areas:
• 3% Kerala
• 41% Karnataka
• 56% of Tamil Nadu.
• Left bank Tributaries:
• Harangi
• Hemavati
• Shimshal
• Right Bank Tributaries:
• Lakshmana
• Kabini
• Bhavani
• Amravati

West Flowing river discharging in the Arabian sea:

The following are west-flowing rivers from north to south sequences:

• Luni
• Sabarmati
• Mahi
• Narmada River
• Tapi
• Mandovi
• Zuari
• Sharavati
• Bharathapuzha
• Periyar
• Pamba

The following are description of major rivers.

Narmada river:

• Origin:
• Rise in Amarkantak plateau
• Flow-through rift valley between Satpura in the south and Vindhya in South.
• Dhanvandhar water fall in Jabal pur.
• Length: 1312 km

Tapi river:

• Origin:
• Multai in the metal district of Madhya Pradesh.
• Length: 
• 724 km
• River basin;
• 79%Maharashtra
• 15% Madhya Pradesh
• 6% Gujarat.

Luni:

• It is the largest river in the Thar desert of Rajasthan.
• The Source of the Luni river is the Pushkar valley of the Aravali range.
• Luni River is also known as "Sagarmati" river.  
• Mouth of Luni river is Rann of Kachchh.

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