Expected geography mains question for UP PCS UPPSC 2020 | Evolution of Geographical Thought

Evolution of Geographical Thought: 

• Contributions of Indian, German, French, British, and Soviet Geographers; 
• Traditional Paradigms:- Determinism, Possible, Regionalism,
• Contemporary Paradigms of Geography – positivism and quantitative revolution, models and systems in Geography, 
• Recent trends in geographic thought with special reference to behavioral, radical, humanism, 
• Post-modernism in Feminism and ecological paradigms.

Study materials and Notes:

Contributions of Indian, German, French, British, and Soviet Geographers; 

Indian Geographer contributions:

Point out the development of geographical knowledge in Ancient India

Contribution of German Geographer:

Main geographers:

• Immanuel Kant
• Alexander Von Humboldt
• Darwin
• Carl Ritter
• Friedrich Ratzel
• Contribution on Map and Chart by Military Officer

Humboldt and Carl Ritter

Contribution of French Geographers:

• Emmanuel De Martone: Contribution to Physical geography
• Paul Vidal De La Blache
• Possibilism in Human geography
• J. Branche in Human geography

Contribution by Britisher Geographer:

• Locational analysis and locational theory
• Frontier in geography
• Quantitative revolution
• Positivism
• Radicalism
• Mackinder: Political geography
• Major contribution in Model theory in Human geography

Contribution by Soviet Geographers:

• Radiation, Moisture, and formulation of Climate.
• Radicalism introduced by Kropotkin.
• Voeikov: insolation, heat and water balance, agro-climatic region.

Traditional Paradigms:- Determinism, Possiblism, Regionalism:

• Determinism
• Environmental Determinism
• Neo Determinism( Stop and Go Determinism)
• Possibilism
• Areal Differentiation

Contemporary Paradigms of Geography – positivism and quantitative revolution, models and systems in Geography:

• Positivism
• Quantitative Revolution
• System analysis

Recent trends in geographic thought with special reference to behavioral, radical, humanism, 
post-modernism in Feminism and ecological paradigms:

• Behaviouralism and Mental map
• Radicalism
• Humanism approach
• Welfare approaches

 Ecological Paradigms:

• The concern with the health and survival of the ecosystem
• Environmental Education
• Pro Ecological world

                                                 Question asked in UP PCS 2018:

• Write a note on the behavioral approach in geography.
• Point out the development of geographical knowledge in Ancient India.
• Evaluate the contribution of Paul Vidal De LA Blache to the development of regional geography in France.

                                             Question asked in UP PCS in 2017:

• Geography is the study of changing the relationship between unstable earth and unresting man, Comment. 

• The quantitative revolution limited the aim of geography to pattern analysis only. Explain

• Evaluate the contribution of the German school in the development of Geography.

• Discuss the concept of system analysis in geography

Expected Geography Mains Questions for UPPSC-UP PCS 2020:

• Britisher and Soviet Geographer
• Traditional Paradigms:- Determinism, Possiblism, Regionalism,
• Recent trends in geographic thought with special reference to behavioral, radical, humanism, 

For Your Practices:

• Examine critically the concepts of ‘determinism; and possibilism. Bring out the significance of the regional concept. 
• What is regionalism and Discuss how regionalism affects the development process with suitable examples? 
• Discuss the approaches to the study of behavioral geography.
• Discuss the contribution of geographers in the development of radical geography. Distinguish between radical and welfare approaches in geographic studies.

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