The major threat to the organism and environmental degradation is deforestation. Deforestation means clearing forests and using forest land for other purposes such as:
- Forest land is being diverted for cultivation
- Forest land is being diverted for building houses and factories.
- Trees are being used for making furniture or wood as fuels.
- Forest fire and drought also cause deforestation.
The consequence of deforestation:
The following are consequences of deforestation:
- An increase in the level of carbon dioxide leads to an increase in the atmospheric temperature disturbs the water cycle and increases the pollution level[ Air degradation]
- Deforestation changes the soil properties
- Deforestation leads to less humus in the soil and less fertile soils. Gradually soil gets converted into the desert; the process is called desertification.
- Desertification leads to reduce water holding capacity which leads to the depletion of groundwater.
- Deforestation also disturbs the water cycle and increase the calamities like flood and drought.
- Deforestation leads to biodiversity losses.
Conservation measures:
- Reafforestation
- Biospheres reserve
- Wildlife sanctuary
- National Park
- Forest Acts
- Environment protection acts.
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- भारत में विकास के लिए भू क्षरण एवं वनों का ह्रास दोनों ही चुनौतियां एवं मुद्दे हैं -उदाहरण सहित व्याख्या कीजिये।
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