There are two approaches used to planning in India:
- Sectoral planning
- Regional planning
Sectoral planning:
- Formation and implementation are a set of schemes to target various sectors of the economy such as agriculture, manufacturing, services, power, transport, construction, etc.
Regional planning:
There are unequal development and unequal distribution of resources in-country also. The plan aims to target a specific region for inclusive development and aim to reduce the regional imbalance is called regional planning.
The 8th five-year plan specified the program of the special area such as Hilly areas, North-Eastern state development, tribal areas, and backward areas development.
Based on the implementation times, it can be categorized into two types:
- Long terms plan: More than 5 Years
- Short terms planning: 5 years, one-year plan.
Based on the imperative, it can be:
- Centralized
- Panchayati raj or decentralized
- Multi-level planning
The following are the implementation steps for regional planning:
First step:
Identification of region;
For example,
- Command areas development
- Watershed Management
- Backward areas development
- Desert Areas Development
- Drought Prone areas development
- Hills Areas development
- Tribal areas development
- Islands development
Second Step:
- Identification and listing of available resources in the region.
Third step:
- Framing the policy and scheme
Fourth step:
- Environmental accessibility and environmental consequences
Fifth step:
- Midyears review
Sixth step:
- Feedback analysis, if needed change the policy, strategies, and implementation.
- Discuss the growth of regional planning in India and account for regional disparities in development. (UPSC)
- Present an account of the experience of regional planning in India in the context of Damodar Valley. (UPSC)
- Discuss the experiences of regional planning in India in the context of the National Capital. (UPSC)
- Planning and development of ‘Tribal Regions’ in India. (UPSC)
- Experience in regional planning in India
- Five Year Plans
- Integrated rural development programs
- Panchayati Raj and decentralized planning
- Command area development
- Watershed management
- Planning for the backward area
- Desert areas development
- Drought-prone area development
- Hill areas development
- Tribal area development
- Multi-level planning
- Regional planning and development of the island territories
- Development disparity
- Importance of Multi-level planning in the regional development of India
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