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Geographical basis of Indian federalism UPSC | Political Aspects | Geography of India

 Federalism means a well-defined sharing of power between the center and state-level government. Indian federalism has some unique features such as:

  • The central government has more additional power than the state government
  • Indian federalism can be converted into a unitary form of government during emergency times.

India choose federalism not unitary forms of government, because of the following geographical factors;

  • Very large geographical areas; 
    • Federalism is needed to govern effectively. 
    • Areas; 32.6 lakh square km, 
    • and 1.21 billion population in 2011.
  • Linguistic diversity;
  • Cultural and ethnic diversity
  • Religious diversity
  • Topographical and geographical diversity; Desert, Plains, Hills, mountains, Plateau, Coastal, Islands, etc.

For these geographical reasons, federalist forms of government were chosen.


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