21. Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats-Sri Lanka and Indo-Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity:
1. Species richness
2. Vegetation density
3. Endemism
4. Ethno-botanical importance
5. Threat perception
6. Adaptation of flora and fauna to warm and humid conditions
Which three of the above are correct criteria in this context?
a) 1 2 and 6
b) 2, 4 and 6
c) 1, 3 and 5
d) 3, 4 and 6
Answer. c) 1,3, and 5
22. Human activities in the recent past have caused the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but a lot of it does not remain in the lower atmosphere because of
1. Its escape into the outer stratosphere.
2. The photosynthesis by phytoplankton in the oceans.
3. The trapping of air in the polar ice caps.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 only
c) 2 and 3
d) 3 only
Answer. c) 2 and 3
23. In the context of ecosystem productivity, marine upwelling zones are important as they increase marine productivity by bringing the
1. Decomposer microorganisms to the surface.
2. Nutrients to the surface.
3. Bottom-dwelling organisms to the surface.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 only
c) 2 and 3
d) 3 only
Answer. b) 2 only
24. If a tropical rainforest is removed, it does not regenerate quickly as compared to a tropical deciduous forest. This is because
a) The soil of the forest is deficient in nutrients
b) Propagules of the trees in a rainforest have poor viability
c) The rainforest species are slow-growing
d) Exotic species invade the fertile soil of rainforest
Answer. a) The soil of the forest is deficient in nutrients
25. The Himalayan Range is very rich in species diversity. Which one among the following is the most appropriate reason for this phenomenon?
a) It has high rainfall that supports luxuriant vegetative growth
b) It is a confluence of different bio-geographical zones
c) Exotic and invasive species have not been introduced in this region
d) It has less human interference
Answer. b) It is a confluence of different bio-geographical zones
26. With reference to India, consider the following Central Acts:
1. Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947
2. Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957
3. Customs Act, 1962
4. Indian Forest Act, 1927
Which of the above Acts have relevance to/bearing on the biodiversity conservation in the country?
a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2, 3, and 4 only
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d) None of the above Acts.
Answer. c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
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