Define the term ‘mineral’ and name the major classes of minerals with their physical characteristics.

Question. 

Define the term ‘mineral’ and name the major classes of minerals with their physical characteristics.

Answer.

The mineral is organic and inorganic substances that are naturally found and it has definite physical and chemical properties and atomic structure are orderly arranged.

The mineral can have single elements such as Gold, Silver, Graphite, copper, sulfur; or it can have more than one element such as bauxite, Iron ore, etc.

There are two major classes of minerals:

• Metallic Minerals
• Non-Metallic Minerals

Metallic Minerals:

These minerals contain metal content and can be sub-divided into three types:

• Precious metals such as gold, silver, etc.
• Ferrous Metals such as iron, nickel, etc.
• Non-Ferrous metals such as copper, zinc, lead, etc.

Physical properties:

• More Lustre than non-metallic.
• Harder than non-metallic.

Non-Metallic Minerals:

These minerals do not contain the metal contains. For example, Sulphur, phosphorous, and nitrate, etc.

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