Question.
What are metamorphic rocks? Describe the types of metamorphic rock and how are they formed? ( NCERT, Class 11, Fundamentals of Physical geography)
Answer.
Metamorphic means "change in form". Changes in pressure, temperature, and volume in the original rocks( it can be igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary) lead to re-crystallization, and the re-organization of matter leads to the formation of new kinds of rocks are called metamorphic rocks.
There are mainly two methods of formation of metamorphic rock.
- Dynamic metamorphosis
- Thermal metamorphism
Dynamic Metamorphosis:
Due to breaking or grinding, the structure of the original rock is disturbed and the particles of matter are rearranged, the rock formed by this action is called dynamic metamorphic rock.
Thermal Metamorphism:
When the original rock is under extreme pressure or the real rock comes in contact with hot magma, the material of the original rock re-crystallizes, the rocks formed by this process are called thermal metamorphic rocks. In this process some particles or minerals of rocks get arranged in the form of layers or lines, this arrangement of particles is called foliation or lineation.
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