Discuss the factors that govern the internal structure of cities | internal structure of cities UPSC

 Question:

Discuss the factors that govern the internal structure of cities. (64th BPSC 2019)

Answer.

The internal structure of the city means the layout and spatial organization of different nodes [ shopping mall, stations, service center, banks, parks, schools, etc] within the city. The development of the internal structure of the city is not spontaneous even, it developed gradually over time. Gradually, the city also worked as the central node of the economic development of the region.

The following are some factors that govern the internal structure of cities:

• The specialized function of the city
• Urban transport Network
• Geographical location or relief of the cities
• Planned vs non Planned city
• Old walled 
• Cantonment
• Residential colonies
• Suburban growth and urban sprawl

Role of city function on the internal structure of cities:

Much of the internal structure of a city is governed by the particular function of that city. For example,

• Varanasi is a religious city and the central theme of the city is the Holy Ganga which flows from south to north. The internal structure of the city is mostly designed perspective of ghats, temples, etc.

Urban transport Network:

• Urban transport networks such as highways, railways lines, airports, etc are also influential factors. 
• Most of the economic activities develop around the urban transport network.

Planned city:

Some cities are developed in a planned manner and have also CBD( central business district) in the internal layout of the city.

For Example, 

• Bokaro steel city of Jharkhand is a planned city developed as per the sectoral model of Hoyt.

Old walled such as historical places or forts and other factors such as cantonment, residential, and urban sprawl also influence the layout of the cities.

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