Question.
Make a comparative analysis of tropical and temperate cyclones in their origin, development, characteristics, and impact with examples. ( 63rd BPSC, 2019)
Answer.
The following are comparative analyses of the tropical and temperate cyclones:
Origin:
- The origin of the tropical cyclone is thermal origin whereas the origin of temperate cyclones is dynamic origin.
- Thermal origin of tropical cyclone means it is originated due to thermal heating of ocean water between the 10 to 30 degrees north and south latitude in the warm ocean only.
- Dynamic origin of temperate cyclone means it is originated due to movement of the air masses that leads to the formation of front[sharp temperature and pressure gradient], not the thermal heating. It developed between the 35 to 65 degrees north and south latitudes.
Development:
- Tropical cyclone develops in the tropical sea only where ocean water is more than 25 degrees centigrade.
- Temperate cyclones can form both land and sea because it is formed by frontogenesis.
Characteristics and Impact:
- The diameter of tropical cyclones is generally between 100 to 300 kilometers whereas the diameter of temperate cyclones is between 300 to 1500 km.
- The wind speed of tropical cyclones is much higher than the of temperate cyclones.
- Tropical cyclones cause more destruction than temperate cyclones.
- The energy source of tropical cyclones is the latent heat of evaporation whereas the energy source of temperate cyclones is air masses.
- Tropical cyclones move from east to west in the northern hemisphere whereas temperate cyclone moves from west to east in the northern hemisphere.
- Tropical cyclones usually last within 7 days of origin whereas temperate cyclones last for more than 7 days.
Try to solve the following questions:
- Compare the tropical and temperate cyclones. ( UPPSC 2020).
- Compare the origin and weather conditions associated with the tropical and temperate cyclones. ( UPSC 2016, 150 words, 15 marks)
- Make a comparative analysis of tropical and temperate cyclones in their origin, development, characteristics, and impact with examples. ( 63rd BPSC, 2019)
- Compare the structure and associated weather conditions of a tropical cyclone with that of a temperate Cyclone. (UPSC 2006)
- Compare and contrast tropical cyclones and temperate cyclones. (UPSC 2012)
- Explain the origin, distribution, and characteristics of tropical cyclones. (UPSC 1991)
- Make a comparative study of the tropical and temperate cyclones. (UPSC 1999)
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