Explain the salient ecological features of the monsoon forest biome. | features of the monsoon forest biome UPSC

 Question:

Explain the salient ecological features of the monsoon forest biome. ( 64th BPSC, 2019)

Answer:

A very large ecosystem on earth having distinct types of vegetation and animal life is called a biome. Biomes are categorized on the basis of plants. 

The following are the ecological features of the monsoon forest biome:

• The monsoonal forest biome is characterized by alternative dry and moist seasons and hence it is also called a dry forest or tropical deciduous forest.
• It spread over the region receiving rainfall between 70 cm to 200 cm
• The majority of Monsoonal trees shed their leaves in the dry season for about six to eight weeks and at the start of the rainy season, new leaves come.
• The monsoonal forest biome is well developed in the Indian subcontinents but other parts of the earth also exist.
• The density of the monsoonal forests is less compared to tropical rainforests.
• Plant species are also less compared to the tropical rainforest.
• Common trees in the monsoonal forest biome are neem, teak, sal, Sagon, bamboo, peepal, etc.
• Common animals in the monsoonal forest are lions, tigers, pigs, deer, elephants, etc.

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