Maratha empire UPSC[Prelims]

 Maratha Empire[ Very Short Notes for Revision]:

Important Dates:

• 1674: Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj established the Maratha Empire.
• 1761: Deafet of Maratha by Afghan ruler Durani.
• 1775-1782: First Anglo Maratha War[ Treaty of Salbai in 1782]
• 1803-1805: Second Anglo Maratha War[ Treaty of Bassein and acceptance of subsidiary alliance in 1802]
• 1817-1818: Third Maratha War

Maratha leader and areas:

• Holkar:
•  Indoor
• Gaekwad: 
• Baroda
• Bhonsle: 
• Nagpur
• Peshwa:
•  Pune
• Sindhia:
•  Gwalior
• Pawar: 
• Dhar
• Mehres:
•  Vidharbha
• Dewas and Newalkar: 
• Jhansi

Maratha Administration:

• Empire is divided into provinces and further divided into Prant and into Pargana. 
• Paga: 
• Regular army was called Paga.
• Peshwa: 
• Prime Minister
• Majumdar: 
• Accountant General
• Dabir: 
• Foreign minister
• Sadar: 
• Priest

Revenue System:

• Kathi: 
• Land measuring rod.
• Chauth: 
• 1/4 th of land revenue.
• Sardeshmukhi: 
• Additional 10 % tax on Maratha hereditary land.
• Karkuns: 
• Revenue officer

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