Question.
Explain the correlation between vegetation and climate regions of India. ( UPPSC, 2020, 15 Marks)
Answer.
As we know that,
- Climate = Deterministic (latitude of the place, distance from the sea, altitude, relief features).
- Vegetation = Determinant (climate, soil, relief)
From both the above, we can clearly say that vegetation is largely determined by climate as the soil is also controlled by climate.
Köppen's climate classification correlates vegetation and climate. Indian climate can be divided into the following types and so the vegetation:
A:
Tropical:
- The coldest month has an average temperature of 18 °C or higher.
Vegetation:
- Tropical vegetation.
B:
Dry climate:
- Potential evaporation exceeds rainfall.
Vegetation:
- Thorny vegetation
C:
Warm temperature:
- The average temperature of the coldest month is between -3 to 18 degrees centigrade.
Vegetation:
- Subtropical Vegetation
D:
Cold Snow Forest Climate:
- The average temperature of the coldest month is minus 3 degrees centigrade.
Vegetation:
- Alpine Forest
E:
Cold climate:
- The average temperature for the whole month remains below 10 degrees centigrade.
Vegetation:
- Alpine Forest.
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