Question.
Explain with examples the geopolitics related to the international borders of India. ( UPPSC, 2020, 15 Marks)
Answer.
International relations of a country are determined by many factors such as economy, military, geographical location, cultural relations, etc. When the relations between two countries are determined by geography, it is called geopolitics. India is located in the middle of South Asia and is surrounded by 9 small countries.
Following are the geopolitics related to India's international borders:
- The proxy war (terrorism, foul money, etc.) between India and Pakistan is due to Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir is a buffer zone between India and Central Asia, It provides a route to Central Asian countries via Afghanistan by controlling Jammu and Kashmir.
- Aksai Chin is barren, but due to its location advantage as it connects Xinjiang and Western Tibet Province and it is close to the Karakoram Highway, China captured Aksai Chin from India in the 1962 war; It is now a disputed area between the two countries.
- Katchatheevu Island was given to Sri Lanka by India and is now a disputed fishing area between the two countries.
- The Kala Pani region is also a disputed area between India and Nepal and relations between the two countries have deteriorated.
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