Mention the recent efforts made by Govt. of India for the development of water transportation.

Question.

Mention the recent efforts made by Govt. of India for the development of water transportation. ( UPPSC, 2020, 10 Marks)

Throw light on the development of internal water transport in India. ( 65th BPSC geography)

Answer.

Water transport includes inland water transport and coastal shipping.

• The cost of water transport (25 to 30 paise per km) is very low compared to road transport (Rs 1.5 per km) and railways (Rs 1 per km).
• Water transport is very cheap and environment friendly and developed water transport makes the country's products competitive in the global market.
• The share of inland water transport in India in 2016 was 3.5% which was much less than the 30 to 40% share in countries like China, South Korea, France, Germany, etc.

Following are the recent efforts made by the government: Government of India for the development of water transport:

• The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) was established in 1986 for the overall development of waterways in India.
• There is a total of 111 waterways in India and 106 waterways have been declared as National Waterways. Some important ones are:
• National Waterway (NW1) on the Ganges (Prayagraj-Haldia, 1620 km)
• National Waterway (NW2) on the Brahmaputra River (Dhubri-Sadiya, 891 km)
• National Waterway (NW3) on West Bank Canal (Kottapuram-Kollam, 205 km)
• The Ministry of Shipping has drawn up a plan for the development of coastal shipping, tourism, and regional cargo for coastal transport and cruise tourism. For example, Ro-Ro, Hybrid Ro-Ro, the truck carrier has been launched in coastal states like Gujarat.
• Jal Marg Vikas Project and Sagarmala Project have taken initiatives to enhance inland water transport.
• The government has focused on multi-mode logistic support by integrating water, road, and rail modes.

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