Question.
Give an account of the occupational structure of India’s population.
(NCERT class 12 geography, India People and Economy, Chapter 1- Population: Distribution, Density, Growth, and Composition)
Answer.
Occupational structure or occupational structure of the population means a person engaged in farming, manufacturing, trading, services, and any other commercial activity.
The 2011 census has divided India's working population into four major categories:
- Cultivator
- Farm worker
- Household industrial worker
- other workers
The above four major categories can be merged into three Categories:
- The primary occupations include farmers and agricultural laborers.
- Secondary occupations include domestic industrial workers.
- Tertiary occupations include those involved in trade, services, and other business activities.
According to the 2011 census, the occupational composition of the population of India is as follows:
- About 54.6 percent of the total working population are farmers and agricultural laborers (primary sector).
- About 3.8% of the total workers are engaged in household industries (secondary or manufacturing activities).
- About 41.6% are other workers including non-domestic industry, trade, commerce, construction, repair, and other services (tertiary occupation).
- The number of male workers is more than female workers in the above three occupational categories.
- Female work participation in the primary activities is more as compared to the secondary and tertiary sectors.
- The number of people working in the primary sector is more than the people working in the secondary sector and tertiary sector.
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