Question.
Find out which are the major towns/cities located on the bank of the Ganga and its tributaries and the major industries they have.
(NCERT class 12 geography, India People and Economy, Chapter -6 Water resources)
Answer.
The Ganges River is the most important river in India both in terms of the basin and cultural importance.
The Ganges River originates from the Gangotri Glaciers near Gaumukh in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. The area of the Ganges basin is about 8.6 lakh sq km, which is about 26% of the total land area of India. Important tributaries of Ganga are Yamuna, Son, Ramganga, Gomti, Gandak, Kosi, Ghaghra, Damodar etc. The Ganga basin comprises 11 (eleven) states/union territories- Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal, and Delhi.
The total length of the Ganges River is 2525 km. The length of the Ganges River is shared by four states—Uttarakhand (110 km), Uttar Pradesh (1450 km), Bihar (445 km), and West Bengal (520 km).
Major cities/towns situated on the banks of Ganga are - Haridwar, Lucknow, Kanpur (leather industry), Prayag Raj, Varanasi (textile industry), Patna, and Kolkata (jute industry).
Major cities on the tributaries of the Ganges - Delhi (Yamuna), Noida (Yamuna), Agra - leather industries (Yamuna), Renukoot - alumina plant (Rihand), Bokaro - located on the banks of the steel industry (Damodar).
Major industries in the Ganges basin – Pulp and paper industry (Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh), pharmaceutical and automobile industry (Delhi-NCR), leather-textile industry (Agra-Kanpur), aluminum-cement industry (Sone river), steel industry (Damodar) River), and jute industry (Kolkata), etc. are prominent.
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