Question.
What factors are responsible for the highest groundwater development in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Tamil Nadu?
(NCERT class 12 geography, India People and Economy, Chapter -6 Water resources)
Answer.
According to India's water resources data, the use of groundwater is very high in states like Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
The following factors are responsible for the highest groundwater development in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and Tamil Nadu:
Punjab, Haryana, and Tamil Nadu are the first regions where modern agricultural techniques such as hybrid seeds, fertilizers, and agricultural machinery were used, hence these states have well-developed agriculture. In Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh, more than 85 percent of the net sown area is under irrigation. Therefore, there is a great demand for water resources for growing crops. To meet the water demand, the surface water available there is not sufficient to meet the demand, hence these states have the highest use of groundwater.
These states have well-developed tube well systems for irrigation as the governments of these states promoted tube well facilities and also provided cheap electricity for operation.
Alluvial soils are found in these states which help to recharge the groundwater easily with rainwater and it is good for intensive agriculture. It is easy to dig tube wells in alluvial soil, and small farmers can easily dig tube wells.
The farmers of these states prefer to grow water-intensive crops like paddy, sugarcane, wheat, etc., hence the demand for water to grow these crops increases.
Due to soft alluvial soil, good irrigation system, Green Revolution, cheap electricity, and easy availability of groundwater, the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu have the highest development of groundwater.
You may like also:
ConversionConversion EmoticonEmoticon