Question.
Why are the rural roads’ density very low in the hilly, plateau, and forested areas? Why does the quality of rural roads deteriorate away from the urban centers?
(NCERT class 12 geography, India People and Economy, Chapter-10: Transport and Communication)
Answer.
Rural roads constitute about 80% of the total roads in India. The distribution of rural roads in India is not uniform. The density of rural roads is greatly influenced by the nature of the land such as relief and topography.
The density of roads is high in the plain area because it is easy to build roads here and the cost of construction is also less.
In contrast, the density of rural roads in the hilly, plateau, and forested areas is very low, in these areas it is very difficult to build roads and the cost of construction and repair is high.
The quality of rural roads keeps on deteriorating away from urban centers due to the following reasons:
Rural roads are built and maintained by the state government under the Panchayat Five Year Plan. The budget for rural roads is less, due to which low technology and low-quality construction materials are used in its construction. At the same time, inexperienced people are involved in its construction and due to corruption, the quality of rural roads is not as good as the quality of roads in urban centers.
Whereas, most of the urban centers are connected by National Highways or State Highways. The quality of national highways or state highways is far better than that of rural highways. The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has the responsibility of developing, maintaining, and operating national highways. National Highways, State Highways, and District Highways are constructed with superior technology, good design, quality material, and experienced contractor.
Apart from the quality of construction, urban roads are well budgeted and maintained on time.
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