Question.
What are the three important factors which influence the mechanism of Indian weather?
(Chapter-4 Climate, Class 11 NCERT geography "India Physical Environment")
Answer.
The following are three important factors that influence the mechanism of Indian weather;
- The distribution of air pressure and winds on the earth's surface.
- Global weather-controlling factors such as upper air circulation are generated by the inflow of air masses and jet streams.
- Western Disturbances, Tropical Depressions, and Tropical Cyclones.
During the winter season, North India comes under the influence of high-pressure belts over Central and West Asia. Winds from the north blow towards the Indian subcontinent, which cools the region.
In summer, India comes under the influence of low-pressure belts and moist air masses.
Monsoon rains occur in North India when the jet stream from the upper air circulation moves away from North India towards the Tibet Plateau.
A Western Cyclonic Disturbance creates an unstable atmosphere over North-West India during the winter season and causes rain in the North-West part of India.
Tropical depression during monsoon helps to distribute and increase rainfall over India.
Tropical cyclones that usually originate from the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean cause heavy rainfall over the Indian coast.
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