Question.
How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
( Chapter - 5 Minerals and Energy Resources, Cass X NCERT Contemporary India -II )
Answer.
The formation of minerals varies in different rocks, there are five different ways of formation of minerals.
- formation of minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks
- Formation of minerals in sedimentary rocks [coal, iron ore]
- formation of minerals from the decomposition of surface rocks [bauxite]
- placer deposits [gold and silver]
- In the seawater [sodium, manganese]
Following are the ways of formation of minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks-
In igneous and metamorphic rocks, minerals are found in fissures, cracks, faults, and joints.
Most minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks are formed when minerals in liquid, molten, and gaseous forms are pushed upward through cavities toward the Earth's surface. As they rise they cool and freeze. They are usually formed by volcanic vents or vertical thrusts.
The small presence of minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks is called veins and the large presence of minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks is called lodes.
Major metallic minerals such as tin, copper, gold, zinc, and lead are obtained from veins and lodes.
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