Question.
Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
( Chapter - 4 Agriculture, Cass X NCERT Contemporary India -II )
Answer.
Agricultural production includes food grains, milk, fish and livestock products, etc. After independence, there was a rapid increase in population in India due to which the demand for food grains also increased. As we know that there is limited scope to increase the cultivable land, so there was only one option to increase the food grain production by increasing agricultural production or agricultural productivity.
The government has taken several initiatives from time to time to ensure an increase in agricultural production. Following are some of the initiatives taken by the government to ensure an increase in agricultural production.
- Abolition of Zamindari system.
- Land Consolidation Scheme.
- Land Ceiling Act (Limit of land holding)
- Green revolution
- Operation Flood (White Revolution).
- Strengthening agriculture infrastructures like irrigation, fertilizer industry, and cold storage.
- Government schemes like Minimum Support Price (MSP) and fertilizer subsidies.
- Establishment of various institutions like rural banks and co-operative societies.
- Weather bulletins and agricultural programs on radio and television.
- Kisan Credit Card
- Crop Insurance
- Personal insurance cover
The abolition of the zamindari system gave land rights to lakhs of farmers making them owners of their land. By becoming the owner of the land, lakhs of farmers started feeling the ownership of the farm, due to which they invested in their fields and agricultural production increased.
A consolidation scheme was launched to create large farms so that mechanization and other modern inputs could be easily implemented. Under the Bhumi Chakbandi scheme, farmers can exchange or purchase surrounding land for consolidation.
The Land Ceiling Act helped the inequitable distribution of land and efficient use of land for optimum agricultural production.
The introduction of hybrid seeds and fertilizers in irrigated areas in the 1960s increased agricultural production in the so-called Green Revolution.
The establishment of village banks and cooperatives helps in providing credit facilities to the farmers at low-interest rates.
Special weather bulletins and agricultural programs were started for farmers on radio and television, which helped farmers to get the latest information in agricultural fields.
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