Question.
Superimpose the maps showing the distribution of iron ore, manganese, coal, and iron and steel industry. Do you see any correlation? Why?
( Chapter - 5 Minerals and Energy Resources, Cass X NCERT Contemporary India -II )
Answer.
Iron ore and manganese are ferrous metallic minerals while coal is energy minerals.
The following map of India shows the distribution of iron ore, manganese, coal, and iron and steel industry.
The majority of Iron ore is located in the Odisha Jharkhand belt, Durg-Bastar-Chnadrapura belt, Maharashtra-Goa Belt, and Karnataka plateau. The major iron ore mines are Gua ( Jharkhand), Mayurganj ( Odisha), Dalli-Rajjra ( Chhattisgarh), Kedremukh ( Karnataka), and Goa.
The region of Manganese is the same as iron ore mines. The important manganese mines in India are Kendurjhar ( Odisha), Sunergarh (Odisha), Balaghat ( MP), Nagpur ( Maharashtra), Shivamogga ( Karnataka), and Goa).
The major coal mines of India are located in Bokaro ( Jharkhand), Jharia ( Jharkhand), Raniganj ( West Bengal), Singarauli ( Madhya Pradesh), Korba ( Chhattisgarh), Singareni ( Telangana), and Neyveli ( Tamil Nadu).
Yes, there is a correlation between iron ore, manganese, coal, and the iron and steel industry. The iron and steel industry is a heavy metallurgical industry and it uses iron ore, manganese, coal, and limestone as raw materials for making iron and steel. Since the iron and steel industry is a weight-losing industry hence it is preferred to be located near the iron ore, manganese, and coal field.
In India, Chhotanagur is the storehouse of iron ore, manganese, and coal which is why most of the iron and steel industries of India are located in the Chhotanagpur plateau region. Some examples of major iron and steel industries of India are the Bokaro steel plant, Bhilai steel plant, Durgapur steel plant, TISCO, and Bhilai steel plant.
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