Question.
When can developmental activities become the cause of disasters?
(Chapter 7 Natural Hazards and Disasters, Class 11 NCERT geography "India Physical Environment")
Answer.
When developmental activities based on local as well as global factors are not well researched, and developmental activities are not designed, planned, or executed scientifically, developmental activities become the cause of disasters.
For example,
Landslides are often caused by the construction of roads, railways, bridges, etc. in mountainous areas. The main reason for this is the lack of research/analysis on the slope of the region.
The construction of large dams in mountainous regions such as the Himalayas often causes earthquake disasters.
Encroachment of river channels for the development of human settlements often causes flood disasters.
Mining activities in hilly areas lead to heavy erosion of rivers and siltation leading to flooding disasters.
Deforestation causes both flood and drought disasters. Deforestation leads to an increase in erosional activities which leads to floods. Deforestation causes climate change and low humus in the soil causes drought disasters.
The development of industries releases greenhouse gases that cause climate change, leading to floods, droughts, sea level rise, and cyclone disasters.
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