Question.
What is the difference between an open pit mine, a quarry, and an underground mine with shafts?
( Chapter - 5 Minerals and Energy Resources, Cass X NCERT Contemporary India -II )
Answer.
The process of extracting minerals from rocks buried beneath the surface of the earth is called mining. The place where mining is done is called a mine. Some minerals are found on the surface of the ground and some minerals are found at a great depth of the ground, so there are many types of mines. Some of the important types of mines are listed below:
- open pit mine
- quarry
- underground mine with shafts
The following are the differences between an open pit mine, a quarry, and an underground mine with shafts:
Open pit mine:
Open-pit mining is also known as open-cast mining.
Minerals that are at shallow depths are brought out by removing the surface layer, such as a mine known as an open cast mine.
Most of the iron ore mines in India are opencast.
Open pit mines are related to minerals found mostly in sedimentary rocks.
Quarrying:
Minerals that lie near the surface are only dug out by a process called quarrying.
Most of the mining of bauxite is done through quarrying.
Quarrying is related to minerals that are found in weathered materials at the earth's surface.
Underground mine with shafts:
The deep hole is called the shaft. Deep holes are drilled to reach the mineral deposits located at great depths is called shaft mining, and such mines are called shafted underground mines.
Examples of shafted underground mines are coal, copper, petroleum, and natural gas.
Underground mines with shafts are related to minerals of Igneous and metamorphic rocks, they are found in fault, crack, and veins of igneous and metamorphic rock.
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