Question.
What is biodiversity?
( Chapter 16 Biodiversity and Conservation, Class 11 NCERT Fundamentals of Physical Geography)
Answer.
Biodiversity is made up of two words – Bio and Diversity, Bio means life and Diversity means many types. Biodiversity is the number and diversity of organisms found in a given geographical area.
For example, the Himalayas are very rich in biodiversity because the Himalayan region has a wide range of flora (grasses, herbs, flowering plants, varieties of trees, forests, etc.) and fauna (animals, birds, microorganisms, insects, etc) varieties are found.
Biodiversity is found within a single species (genetic biodiversity), between different species (species biodiversity), and within different ecosystems (ecological biodiversity).
Biodiversity is our living asset and it is the result of millions of years of evolutionary history. Biodiversity refers to variability.
Biodiversity, like other resources, is not evenly distributed on the earth.
Biodiversity decreases with increasing latitude. Biodiversity is highest near the equator and lowest near the poles because biodiversity is directly affected by temperature and humidity.
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