Question.
Why is the rate of population growth in India declined since 1981?
( Chapter - 6 Population, Cass 9 NCERT Contemporary India -I )
Answer.
The rate of population growth in India has declined since 1981 as the following figures indicate the declining growth rate of the population of India:
Decadal Growth Rate [1961-1971]: 24.80
Decadal Growth Rate [1971-1981]: 24.66
Decadal Growth Rate [1981-1991]: 23.87
Decadal Growth Rate [1991-2001]: 21.54
Decadal Growth Rate [2001-2011]: 17.64
There was a population explosion in India from 1951 to 1981, but the rate of population growth in India has been continuously decreasing since 1981, mainly because of the sharp decline in the birth rate.
The sharp decline in the birth rate is due to the following reasons –
The average age of marriage for both men and women has increased. Due to this, the birth rate has declined.
The female literacy rate has increased rapidly since 1981 and their economic status has improved. Due to these, awareness has increased and the ability to take decisions in their lives has also increased.
There has been an increase in the participation of women in professional jobs which has positively affected the decline in the birth rate.
The government has launched many campaigns like family planning, due to which the awareness of people increased and people participated in family planning.
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