Question.
Name the three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south.
( Chapter - 2 Physical Features of India, Cass 9 NCERT Contemporary India -I )
Answer.
The Himalayas is one of the six physiographic divisions of India. The Himalayas is divided into three major divisions from north to south. Three division of the Himalayas are as follow:
- Great Himalaya
- Himachal Himalaya
- Shiwalik Himalaya
About Great Himalaya:
Great Himalaya is also known as Inner Himalayas or Himadri.
It is the northernmost of the Himalayas ranges.
The average height of the great Himalayas is about 6000 meters.
It is comprised of many loftiest peaks and glaciers. Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kamet, and Pindar are important glaciers in the great Himalayas which are also sources of major perennial rivers of India.
Most of the highest mountain peaks like Mount Everest, Kanchenjunga, Nanda Devi, and Kamet are located in the Great Himalayas.
The great Himalayas is continuous ranges and the fold of the great Himalayas is asymmetric in nature.
About Himachal Himalaya:
Himachal Himalayas lies south of Great Himalayas. Himachal Himalaya is also known as lesser Himalaya.
The altitude of Himachal Himalaya varies from 3,700 m to 4,500 m and the average width is about 50 km.
It is found discontinuous in nature. Pir Panjal, Dhaula Dhar, and Mahabharata ranges are prominent ranges of the Himachal Himalayas.
It is also famous for many valleys like Kashmir valley, Kangra valley, and Kullu Valley.
It is also well known for many hilly stations like Mussoorie, Nainital, and Ranikhet.
Shiwalik Himalaya:
Shiwalik Himalayas is the southernmost of the Himalayas.
The average altitude of the Shiwalik Himalayas varies from 900 to 1100 meters and the average width is about 10 to 50 km.
Shiwalik Himalaya is famous for the Longitudinal valley lying between Himachal Himalaya and Shiwalik Himalaya.
Famous duns like Dehradun, Kotli Dun, and Patli dun are located in the Shiwalik ranges.
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