Question.
Distinguish between Agro-based and mineral-based industries.
( Chapter - 5, Industries, Cass 8 NCERT, Resources and Development ( Geography) )
Answer.
Agro-based and mineral-based industries are both a kind of industries that are involved in non-primary activities; however, the following are some differences between agro-based and mineral-based industries:
Agro-based industries are those industries that take the agricultural output [ plants and animals] as raw materials whereas mineral-based industries are those industries that take mineral ore as raw materials.
Examples of agro-based industries are the cotton textile industry, jute textile industry, edible oil industry, dairy industry, and other food processing industries whereas examples of mineral-based industries are iron-steel industry, Aluminium industry, thermal power plant, copper smelting industries, etc.
Agro-based industries are non-primary industries as they do not provide raw materials to other industries whereas mineral-based industries are primary industries as they provide raw materials to other industries. For example, the output of an alumina plant is aluminum is used by the electrical and electronic industry.
Agro-based industries are generally smaller industries that require less capital, and other machinery inputs whereas mineral-based industries are very big industries that require very large capital and technology for setting up.
The agro-based industry provides employment for mainly the rural population whereas mineral-based industries provide employment for both rural and urban populations.
Agro-based industries are generally less polluting industries and they harm environ less as compared to mineral-based industries; for example, the thermal power plant is a polluting industry which is a mineral-based ( coal) industry.
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