Question.
Ram Murti is a government servant and lives with his old-aged parents in Indore. One day during a field visit he meets an 11-year-old orphan boy. He was in a miserable condition and homeless, with no one to take care of him. Ram Murti brings the boy home and proposes to him that if he takes care of his aged parents, he will give him a daily wage according to his needs and will arrange for his education too. Evaluate Ram Murti's conduct from an ethical perspective.
(UPPSC GS paper 4 2021)
Answer.
The conduct of Ram Murti can be evaluated from various ethical perspectives, following are ethical perspectives:
Utilitarian perspective: From a utilitarian point of view, those conducts are called ethicals that maximize people's happiness or welfare. Here, Ram Murti's conduct is ethical because he takes care of the orphan boy [provides daily wages and education to the boy] as well as he also takes care of his old parents. Ram Murti's conduct provides maximum happiness to his old parents along with an orphan boy.
The principle of duties [deontological] perspective [Kantan morality approach]: from the point of view of duties theory, those conducts are ethical that fulfill the duty [or "Dharma"]. In Indian society, the son has to take care of his old parents. And the common man also has some duty toward society for the welfare of society. Here Ram Murthy has fulfilled both his duties by bringing the orphaned child home and serving the old parents. Therefore, the conduct of the Ram Murti is ethical from the point of view of the principle of duty.
Virtus ethics perspective: compassion, sympathy, family value, and care are some virtues and we can call their conduct ethical. Ram Murti has shown compassion, empathy, and sympathy towards orphaned boys by bringing them homes and educating them. And at the same time, after taking care of their old parents, they followed family values. Therefore, the conduct of the Ram Murti is ethical.
From the above three ethical perspectives, the conduct of the Ram idol is largely ethical.
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