Question.
Explain the “Higher Defence Organisation of India”.
( UPPSC, UP PCS Mains General Studies-III/GS-3 2020)
Answer.
The Higher Defence Organization of India is responsible for the formulation and implementation of defense policies, decision-making, and coordination at the highest levels within the Indian government. This organization is the highest military organization that coordinates and commands three defense services namely Army, Naval, and Airforce.
The Higher Defence Organization comprises various organizations and bodies involved in defense and security matters.
Higher Defence Organization has the following key components;
Ministry of Defence ( MoD): The Ministry of Defence of the Union government is responsible for formulating defense policies, procuring defense equipment, and coordinating defense-related activities.
Department of Defence: The Department of Defence is a part of the “Higher Defence Organization of India” and assists the Ministry of Defence in policy formulation and implementation. It comprises civilian officials who handle administrative, financial, and policy matters related to defense.
Chief of Defence Staff ( CDS); The CDS is a four-star military General and acts as the single-point military advisor to the government. The position of CDS was created in 2019 to serve as the principal military advisor to the government.
Integrated Defence Staff (IDS): It is comprised of officers from all three services and assists in the formulation of defense strategies.
Defence Acquisition Council (DAC): This body is the highest decision-making body for defense acquisition in India. It is chaired by the Ministry of Defence and includes senior defense officials.
Strategic Forces Command (SFC); This is responsible for the management and employment of India’s strategic nuclear forces. It is also responsible for operational control of the country’s nuclear weapons and delivery systems.
In conclusion, these components of the Higher Defence Organization work together to ensure effective defense planning, decision-making, and coordination in India. They play a crucial role in formulating defense policies, promoting jointness, integrating among the armed forces, and addressing national Security challenges.
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