Question.
Discuss, to what extent the policy of economic growth with equality and distributive justice has been successful in the fulfillment of the objectives of inclusive growth in India.
( UPPSC, UP PCS Mains General Studies-III/GS-3 2019)
Answer.
The policy of economic growth with equality and distributive justice aims to achieve inclusive growth by ensuring the benefits of economic development to all sections of society.
The following are some policies that reflect economic growth with equality and distributive justice:
- Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Program which provides employment to unskilled rural workers.
- Pradhanmantri Jan Dhan Yojana which makes easy access to bank services for the poor and rural population.
- Atyodya yojana provides food subsidies to poor people.
- Ujjwala yojana for clean fuel to rural women.
- Digital India program to skill the youth.
However, the extent to which this policy has been successful in fulfilling the objective of inclusive growth is complex and can be understood in the following ways-
India has experienced significant economic growth over the past few decades, resulting in a reduction in poverty rates and expansion of the middle class. The various policies for inclusive growth in India have been initiated like poverty alleviation programs, social welfare schemes, Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Act, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana, and targeted development initiatives. This initiative made a positive impact on reducing poverty and provided basic services to the weaker section of society.
Distributive justice programs like reservations in education and job helped to uplift marginalized communities and improve their representation and decision-making in various sectors like the Information technology sector, Artificial intelligence sectors, parliament, health, and higher institutions.
However, the effectiveness of policies is not much desired due to corruption, bureaucratic inefficiency, and leakages in social welfare programs.
In recent years, the Union government of India has taken various steps to promote inclusiveness in society like Direct Benefits transfer to beneficiaries, increase the role of the Aadhar Card, promote professionalism in bureaucracy, and digital India programs.
In conclusion, India has made progress in economic growth with equality and distributive justice. However, there are significant challenges to achieve it. Addressing corruption, income inequality, regional disparities, improving governance, and improving the accessibility to the most marginalized communities, will help achieve the objective of a more equitable and inclusive society in India.
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