Question.
Discuss the fields in which the application of biotechnology is being done.
( UPPSC, UP PCS Mains General Studies-III/GS-3 2018)
Answer.
Biotechnology refers to the use of biological systems, organisms, or their derivatives to develop or create technological advancements and products that benefits various sectors, including medicine, agriculture, industry, and the environment.
The following are applications of Biotechnology in various fields-
Healthcare and Medicine:
Biotechnology plays a crucial role in the development of new therapies, drugs, and medical treatments.
Biotechnology is used to develop diagnostics tests, tools, and devices for disease detection and monitoring. It also enables biomedical research through techniques like DNA sequencing.
Agriculture and food production:
Biotechnology enhances crop yield, develop genetically modified organism, improve plant and animal breeding techniques, and develop disease-resistant crops. It helps in the production of enzymes, the fermentation process, and food processing techniques.
Environmental Conservation:
Biotechnology contributes to environmental sustainability through bioremediation, where microorganisms are used to break down and remove pollutants from soil and water. It also used waste management, the development of renewable energy, and the conservation of renewable energy sources.
Industrial applications:
Biotechnology is used to development of biodegradable plastics, biofertilizers, and biopesticides. It also enables the production of enzymes used in various industrial processes.
Forensics:
Biotechnology plays a vital role in forensic investigations by genetic profiling and analyzing DNA evidence.
In Conclusion, Biotechnology is an interdisciplinary subject that allows for continuous advancement and innovations in diverse sectors.
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