Question.
Throw light on the “Pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in India”.
( UPPSC, UP PCS Mains General Studies-III/GS-3 2018)
Answer.
There are set of 17 interconnected sustainable development goals established by the United Nations. These goals aim to address global challenges and achieve sustainable development by 2030.
India is actively pursuing the achievement of the sustainable development goals.
The following is an overview of India’s pursuit of the sustainable development goals ( SDGs):
Poverty eradication ( Goal 1: No Poverty):
India has launched many initiatives like National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, Jan Dhan Yojna, Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojna, and Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme to improve livelihood and reduce poverty. India made significant progress in poverty reduction and social welfare.
Reducing Hunger ( Goal 2- Zero Hunger):
The government of India has strengthened the public distribution system and made food grains accessible to the majority of the poor people in India.
Health sector( Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being):
India has initiated the Ayushman Bharat scheme, National Health Mission, and Swachh Bharat Abhiyan which provide free health services and sanitation to all people, especially poor people. It focuses on the good health and well-being of people.
Quality of education ( Goal 4- Quality education):
The Right to education act, the Samagra Siksha Abhiyan, digital India, and the Skill India program aim to improve access to quality education, promote lifelong learning opportunities, and equitable education.
Gender Equality ( Goal 5):
The Beti-Bachao Beti-Padhao campaign, the Maternity Benefit program, and the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workforce Act aim to promote gender equality, eliminate discrimination, and enhance women’s participation in all spheres of life.
Clean Energy and Sanitation ( Goal 6):
India is now investing heavily in renewable sources of energy like solar energy, wind energy, and small hydro project. Initiatives like the International Solar Alliance and National Clean Air program focus on reducing emissions, improving air quality, and combating climate change.
Infrastructure, Innovation, and Industries Development ( Goal 9):
India is working towards building sustainable cities and Infrastructure. A scheme like Gati Shakti Infrastructure Master Plan, Sagarmala Project, and Make in India scheme has been initiated to promote Infrastructure and Industries development. The Make in India scheme has initiated by the government of India in 2014 to promote the development of the Industrial sector.
Sustainable cities and communities ( Goal 11):
Smart cities and AMRUT ( Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation) have been initiated to make the city sustainable.
Global Partnership for sustainable development ( Goal 17):
India recognizes the importance of global partnerships for sustainable development. It actively participates in international forums, collaborates with other countries, and contributes to capacity-building efforts.
In conclusion, India has made progress in pursuing sustainable development goals ( SDGs), but challenges remain, including poverty alleviation, climate change mitigation, and ensuring inclusive development. Periodically reviewing, monitoring, evaluating, and innovative adapting of strategies are crucial to achieving the SDGs and promoting sustainable development in India.
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