Question.
Which are the two factors on which the growth of vegetation mostly depends?
( Chapter 6: Natural Vegetation and Wildlife, Class 7- Our Environment ( GEOGRAPHY), SOCIAL SCIENCE)
Answer.
The growth of vegetation mostly depends on two key factors namely temperature and moisture.
Temperature and moisture are crucial factors for the growth of vegetation because they directly impact various physiological and biochemical processes within plants:
Temperature factor:
The following are roles of temperature in the growth of vegetation:
Photosynthesis:
Temperature influences the rate of photosynthesis. Plants have an optimal temperature range for this process, typically between 18°C - 29°C. Below or above this range, photosynthesis becomes less efficient.
Respiration:
Temperature affects the rate of respiration in plants. Cooler temperatures slow down respiration, conserving energy for growth. In contrast, warmer temperatures increase respiration rates. Vegetation dies if energy consumption for respiration exceeds the energy they get from photosythesis for long time.
Germination:
Temperature also plays a role in seed germination. Seeds require specific temperature conditions to break dormancy and sprout. For many plants, this temperature range is crucial for the successful establishment of seedlings.
Frost and Heat Stress:
Extreme temperatures, both very cold and very hot, can damage or kill plants.
Moisture factor:
The following are roles of moisture in vegetation growth:
Transport of Nutrients:
Water is essential for the transport of nutrients and minerals from the soil to various parts of the plant. Without adequate moisture, plants can't access the nutrients they need.
Photosynthesis:
Water is a reactant in photosynthesis. It's used in the process to convert carbon dioxide and sunlight into energy. Insufficient water can limit photosynthesis, which can decrease the vegetation growth.
In summary, the right combination of temperature and moisture ensures that plants can carry out essential processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and nutrient uptake efficiently.
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