Quantity and Measurement [ General Physics] [ Science Set 8] | | UPPSC Prelims PYQ of Last 30 Years | Objective Questions and Answers, MCQ, and QUIZ ~ Civil Services Self Study ( NCERT Based)

1. Those physical quantities which have magnitude only, are called?

a) Scalars

b) Vectors

c) Fundamental Units

d) Derived Units

Answer. a) Scalars

Scalar and vector quantities are two fundamental concepts in physics and mathematics:

Scalar Quantity:

A scalar quantity is defined by its magnitude (size) only and does not have a direction associated with it.

Scalar quantities are represented by real numbers and can be added or subtracted algebraically.

Examples of scalar quantities include mass, distance, speed, temperature, and time.

Vector Quantity:

A vector quantity is defined by both its magnitude and direction.

Vectors are represented by arrows, with the length of the arrow indicating the magnitude and the direction of the arrow indicating the direction.

Vector quantities obey the rules of vector algebra, including addition, subtraction, and scalar multiplication.

Examples of vector quantities include velocity, acceleration, force, and displacement.

2. Those physical quantities which have both magnitude and direction, are called?

a) Scalars

b) Vectors

c) Fundamental Units

d) Derived Units

Answer. b) Vectors

3. With reference to the electric potential, which of the following statements is/are correct? ( UPPSC PYQ 2021)

1. It is a scalar quantity

2. It is a vector quantity

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Codes:

a) Only1

b) Only 2

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer. a) Only 1

Electric potential, also known as electric potential energy per unit charge or electric potential difference, is a fundamental concept in physics related to electric fields and the energy of charged particles within an electric field.

The SI unit of electric potential is the volt (V), which is equivalent to one joule per coulomb (1 V = 1 J/C).

Electric potential is a scalar quantity, meaning it has magnitude but no direction. Unlike electric fields, which are vectors, electric potential is a scalar.

Electric potential is widely used in various electrical and electronic devices, such as batteries, capacitors, and circuits. It plays a crucial role in understanding and analyzing the behavior of electrical systems.

4. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

a) Displacement

b) Linear momentum

c) angular velocity

d) temperature

Answer. d) temperature is a scaler quantity.

Examples of Scalar physical quantity are Distance, Density, speed, time, energy, area, temperature, volume, electric current, mass, work, etc.

5. Which of the following is Vectors Quantity?

a) Mass

b) Volume

c) Current density

d) density

Answer. c) Current density is Vectors quantity.

Examples of Vector quantity are Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration, Force, Momentum, Weight, Displacement current density, Angular velocity, Torque, etc.

6. Total how many are fundamental Units of the SI System ( International System of Units)?

a) 5

b) 7

c) 9

d) 11

Answer. b) 7

There are seven fundamental Units of the SI system, namely :

Length ( meter)

Mass ( Kilogram )

Time ( Second)

Electric Current ( Ampere)

Temperature ( Kelvin)

Substance ( Mole)

Luminous intensity ( Candela)

Meter (m): The meter is the SI unit of length and is defined as the distance traveled by light in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 seconds.

Kilogram (kg): The kilogram is the SI unit of mass and is defined by a platinum-iridium cylinder known as the International Prototype of the Kilogram (IPK). However, it is now redefined in terms of fundamental constants as of May 20, 2019.

Second (s): The second is the SI unit of time and is defined based on the vibrations of cesium atoms in atomic clocks.

Ampere (A): The ampere is the SI unit of electric current and is defined based on the flow of electric charge.

Kelvin (K): The kelvin is the SI unit of temperature and is defined based on the properties of the triple point of water.

Mole (mol): The mole is the SI unit of the amount of substance and is defined as the amount of substance that contains exactly 6.02214076 x 10^23 entities (atoms, molecules, etc.). This number is known as Avogadro's constant.

Candela (cd): The candela is the SI unit of luminous intensity and is defined based on the brightness of a specified type of monochromatic radiation.

7. Which of the following is the largest unit of Length or distance?

a) Astronomical Unit

b) Light Year

c) Parallax Second ( Par Sec)

d) one Giga meter

Answer. c) Parallax Second ( Par Sec) is the largest unit of distance among all the astrological units.

The astronomical unit is the distance between Earth and the Sun. One Astronomical unit=1.495*10^11 meter.

Light year = 9.46*10^15 meters.

Par sec=3.08*10^16 meters.

More about:

Astronomical Unit (AU):

The astronomical unit is a unit of length used in astronomy to describe distances within our solar system.

It is approximately the average distance between the Earth and the Sun, which is about 149.6 million kilometers (about 93 million miles).

Light-Year (ly):

The light-year is a unit of distance used in astronomy to measure the vast distances between stars and galaxies.

It is the distance that light travels in one year in a vacuum, which is approximately 9.461 trillion kilometers (about 5.878 trillion miles).

Gigameter (Gm):

In scientific notation, 1 Gm = 1 x 10^9 meters.

8. Which of the following is the smallest unit of length or distance?

a) Atto meter

b) Fermi Meter

c) Pico Meter

d) Nanometer

Answer. a) Atto meter is the smallest unit of length.

Atto meter=10^(-18) meter

Fermi Meter=10^(-15) meter

Pico Meter=10^(-12) meter

Nanometer=10^(-9) meter

9. Which of the following is the largest unit of length or distance?

a) Exa meter

b) Peta Meter

c) Tera Meter

d) Giga Meter

Answer. a) Exa meter is the largest unit of length.

Exa meter=10^(18) meter

Peta Meter=10^(15) meter

Tera Meter=10^(12) meter

Gega=10^(9) meter

10. How many liters are there in a cubic meter?

a) 10

b) 100

c) 1000

d) 10,000

Answer: c) 1000, There are 1000 liters in a cubic meter.

11. What is the unit of pressure in the SI system?

a) Newton

b) Joule

c) Pascal

d) Barometer

Answer: c) Pascal The unit of pressure in the SI system is the Pascal (Pa).

12. "The Ringelmann Scale" is used to measure the density of? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Smoke

b) Polluted water

c) Fog

d) Noise

Answer. a) Smoke

"The Ringelmann Scale" is used to measure the density of Smoke. It was developed by a French professor.

The Ringelmann scale is a visual chart or scale used to estimate the density of air pollution, particularly the density of particulate matter in the atmosphere, by observing the darkness or opacity of a plume of smoke or exhaust. It was developed by French engineer Maximilien Ringelmann in the late 19th century and is a simple way to assess air pollution without the need for complex instruments.

The Ringelmann scale typically consists of four different levels of opacity, ranging from 0 to 4, where:

Level 0: Represents a clear sky with no visible pollution (perfectly transparent).

Level 1: Represents a slight haze or light gray color.

Level 2: Indicates a moderate density of pollution, with a darker gray appearance.

Level 3: Represents a substantial amount of pollution, appearing as a very dark gray.

Level 4: Represents extremely heavy pollution, where the plume is nearly black (completely opaque).

13. Which one among the following is measured by the Dobson unit? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Ozone concentration

b) Thermal conductivity

c) Soil moisture

d) Radiation

Answer. a) Ozone concentration is measured by the Dobson unit.

Dobson units are commonly used in atmospheric science and climate research to monitor variations in stratospheric ozone levels and track the depletion of ozone in the ozone layer, especially in regions such as the Antarctic ozone hole. These measurements are crucial for understanding the Earth's atmospheric chemistry and its impact on climate and environmental factors

14. The thickness of the Ozone layer is measured in ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Lightyear

b) Kilometer

c) Dobson unit

d) Tesla

Answer. c) Dobson unit

15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: ( UPPSC PYQ)

List-I List-II

( Physical Quantity) ( Unit SI)

a) Pressure 1. Newton

b) Force 2. Kelvin

c) Temperature 3. Pascal

d) Energy 4. Joule

Codes:

a b c d

a) 3 2 1 4

b) 2 3 4 1

c) 4 1 2 3

d) 3 1 2 4

Answer. d) 3 1 2 4

16. Flame photometer is used in the determination of ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Nitrogen

b) Phosphorus

c) Potassium

d) Boron

Answer. c) Potassium;

Flame photometry is commonly used in various fields, including analytical chemistry, environmental science, and clinical chemistry, for the analysis of elements such as sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and others. It is particularly useful for analyzing elements present in low concentrations in aqueous solutions.

17. Which of the following relation is not correct? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) 1 Byte=8 bits

b) 1 Kilobyte =1024 Bytes

c) 1 Gigabyte=1024 kilobytes

d) 1 Terabyte =1024 Gigabytes

Answer. c) 1 Gigabyte=1024 kilobytes

18. The unit of power is ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Hertz

b) Volts

c) Watt

d) Neutron

Answer. c) Watt

19. The unit of work is ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Joule

b) Neutron

c) Watt

d) Dyne

Answer. a) Joule

20. PARSEC is the unit of ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Astronomical Distance

b) Time

c) Light Intensity

d) Magnetic Force

Answer. a) Astronomical Distance

A parsec (abbreviated as "pc") is a unit of astronomical distance used to measure vast distances in space, particularly in the realm of astronomy and astrophysics. The name "parsec" is a combination of "parallax" and "arcsecond," which reflects the method used to define this unit.

One parsec is approximately equal to 3.086 x 10^16 meters or about 3.262 million light-years.

21. Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the code given below: ( UPPSC PYQ)

List-I List-II

( Physical Quantities) ( Units)

A. Acceleration 1. Meter/second^2

B. Work Done 2. Joule

C. Force 3. Newton

D. Impulse 4. Newton Second

Code:

A B C D

a) 1 2 3 4

b) 3 4 1 2

c) 2 3 4 1

d) 4 3 1 2

Answer. a) 1 2 3 4

22. Match the following: ( UPPSC PYQ)

A. Joule 1. Current

B. Ampere 2. Power

C. Watt 3. Work

D. Volt 4. Potential Differences

E. Calories 5. Heat

Codes:

A B C D E

a) 3 1 2 4 5

b) 1 2 3 4 5

c) 4 3 2 1 5

d) 1 3 2 4 5

Answer. a) 3 1 2 4 5

23. Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Knot - Measure the speed of the ship

b) Knotical mile - Unit of distance used in navigation

c) Angstrom - Unit of the wavelength of light

d) Light year - Unit of measure time

Answer. d) Light year - Unit of measure time

24. Match List-I ( Quantity) with List-II ( Unit) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists- ( UPPSC PYQ)

List-I List-II

A. High Velocity 1. Mach

B. Wavelength 2. Angstrom

C. Pressure 3. Pascal

D. Energy 4. Joules

Codes:

A B C D

a) 2 1 3 4

b) 1 2 4 3

c) 1 2 3 4

d) 2 1 4 3

Answer. c) 1 2 3 4

25. One micron represents the length of ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) 10(-6) cm

b) 10 (-4) cm

c) 1 mm

d) 1 m

Answer. b) 10 (-4) cm

26. Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched? (UPPSC PYQ)

a) Decibel - Unit of Loudness

b) Horse Power - Unit of power

c) Nautical miles - Distance unit in navigation

d) Celsius - Unit of Heat

Answer. d) Celsius - Unit of Heat

27. Which one of the following is NOT the unit of heat? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Centigrade

b) Calorie

c) Erg

d) Joule

Answer. a) Centigrade

29. What is approximately one of the following "barrels" of oil? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) 131 liters

b) 159 liters

c) 179 liters

d) 201 liters

Answer. b) 159 liters

30. The smallest unit of the length is ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Micron

b) Nanometer

c) Angstrom

d) Fermimetre

Answer. d) Fermimetre ( 10(-15) meter)

31. Which one of the following instruments is used for locating submerged objects in an ocean? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Audiometer

b) Galvanometer

c) Sextant

d) SONAR

Answer. d) SONAR

Sonar, short for "Sound Navigation and Ranging," is a technology that uses sound waves to detect and locate objects underwater. It's similar in principle to radar, which uses radio waves for detection but is adapted for use in the underwater environment.

Sonar has a wide range of applications, including:

Navigation: It's used by submarines, ships, and underwater vehicles to navigate safely, avoid obstacles, and map the seafloor.

Fisheries: Sonar is employed to locate schools of fish for commercial fishing and scientific research.

Oceanography: Researchers use sonar to study the characteristics of the ocean, including its depths, currents, and topography.

Military: Navies use sonar for submarine detection and tracking.

Search and Rescue: Sonar is valuable in locating and recovering objects or people submerged in water, such as aircraft wreckage or drowning victims.

Underwater Exploration: It's used by scientists and archaeologists to explore underwater archaeological sites and study marine life.

32. In SONAR, we use ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Radio waves

b) Audio Sound Waves

c) Ultrasonic Waves

d) Infrasonic Waves

Answer. c) Ultrasonic Waves

33. The velocity of wind is measured by ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Barometer

b) Anemometer

c) Hydrometer

d) Windwane

Answer. b) Anemometer;

Barometer:

A barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure, which is the weight of the air above a specific location.

It helps in forecasting weather changes. A rise in atmospheric pressure often indicates fair weather, while a drop can suggest the approach of stormy conditions.

Anemometer:

An anemometer is a device used to measure wind speed and sometimes wind direction.

Common types of anemometers include cup anemometers, vane anemometers, and digital anemometers. They are widely used in weather stations, aviation, and meteorological research.

Hydrometer:

A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the density or specific gravity of a liquid, typically with a focus on measuring the density of liquids like water.

In meteorology, a hydrometer can be used to determine the humidity of the air, which is a key parameter in weather forecasting.

Wind Vane (Weather Vane):

A wind vane, also known as a weather vane, is a simple instrument used to measure wind direction.

It consists of an arrow or other shape mounted on a pivot, allowing it to point in the direction from which the wind is coming.

34. Which of the following is not correctly matched?

a) Anemometer-Wind Speed

b) Ammeter- Electric Current

c) Tachometer-Pressure Difference

d) Pyrometer - High Temperature

Answer. c) Tachometer-Pressure Difference

Anemometer:

An anemometer is a device used to measure wind speed and sometimes wind direction.

Common types of anemometers include cup anemometers, vane anemometers, and digital anemometers. They are widely used in weather stations, aviation, and meteorological research.

Ammeter:

An ammeter is an instrument used to measure electric current in amperes (A).

It is connected in series within an electrical circuit and measures the flow of electric charge (current) through the circuit.

Tachometer:

A tachometer is a device used to measure the rotational speed or angular velocity of an object, typically in revolutions per minute (RPM).

It is often used in automotive applications to measure the speed of an engine's crankshaft or other rotating components.

Pyrometer:

A pyrometer is an instrument used to measure high temperatures, especially in industrial and scientific applications.

Pyrometers are capable of measuring temperatures that are too high to be measured by traditional thermometers, and they often use infrared radiation to make these measurements.

35. A pyrometer is used to measure- ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Air Pressure

b) Humidity

c) High Temperature

d) Density

Answer. c) High Temperature

36. Which one of the following devices is used to measure extremely high temperatures? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Pyrometer

b) Photometer

c) Photometer

d) Pycnometer

Answer. a) Pyrometer

Pyrometer:

A pyrometer is an instrument used to measure high temperatures, especially in industrial and scientific applications.

Pyrometers are capable of measuring temperatures that are too high to be measured by traditional thermometers, and they often use infrared radiation to make these measurements.

Photometer:

A photometer is a device used to measure the intensity or brightness of light, often in units like lumens or lux.

37. Which one of the following thermometers is known as a pyrometer? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Thermo-Electric Thermometer

b) Radiation Thermometers

c) Gas Thermometer

d) Liquid Thermometer

Answer. b) Radiation Thermometers;

Pyrometer:

A pyrometer is an instrument used to measure high temperatures, especially in industrial and scientific applications.

Pyrometers are capable of measuring temperatures that are too high to be measured by traditional thermometers, and they often use infrared radiation to make these measurements.

38. The thermometer, which used to measure 2000 degree centigrade temperature is ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Gas Thermometer

b) Mercury Thermometer

c) Total Radiation pyrometer

d) Steam Pressure Thermometer

Answer. c) Total Radiation pyrometer;

Pyrometer:

A pyrometer is an instrument used to measure high temperatures, especially in industrial and scientific applications.

Pyrometers are capable of measuring temperatures that are too high to be measured by traditional thermometers, and they often use infrared radiation to make these measurements.

39. "Pyrheliometer" is used for measuring: ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Sun Spots

b) Solar Radiation

c) Air Temperature

d) Temperature of plants

Answer. b) Solar Radiation

Solar radiation is the energy emitted by the Sun in the form of electromagnetic waves, which include visible light, ultraviolet (UV) light, and infrared (IR) radiation. Scientists and engineers use various instruments and methods to measure solar radiation for a range of applications, including weather forecasting, solar energy generation, and climate research. Here are some common methods and instruments for measuring solar radiation:

Pyranometer:

A pyranometer is a specialized instrument designed to measure the total solar radiation received on a horizontal surface. It typically consists of a thermopile sensor that absorbs incoming solar radiation and generates an electrical signal proportional to the energy received.

Pyrheliometer:

Pyrheliometers are instruments used to measure direct solar radiation, particularly the radiation received from the Sun's disk. They are often used to determine the solar constant, which represents the amount of solar radiation reaching the outer atmosphere of Earth.

Solar Radiometer:

Solar radiometers are instruments that measure the intensity of sunlight across different wavelengths or spectral bands. They are used to study the composition and energy distribution of solar radiation.

Solar Data Loggers:

Data loggers equipped with solar radiation sensors can continuously record solar radiation levels over time. These sensors may include pyranometers, photovoltaic cells, or other specialized instruments.

40. What is measured by a manometer? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Air Pressure

b) Pressure of Gas

c) Density of liquids

d) Oil Pressure on the Surface

Answer. b) Pressure of Gas;

A manometer is a device used to measure the pressure of gases and liquids. It works on the principle of balancing the pressure of the substance being measured with the pressure of a column of liquid, usually mercury or a specialized liquid, in a vertical tube. Manometers are commonly used in various industries and scientific applications to determine pressure accurately.

31. Which instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Hydrometer

b) Barometer

c) Manometer

d) Hygrometer

Answer. b) Barometer

32. Relative Humidity is measured by ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Hydrometer

b) Hygrometer

c) Manometer

d) Potentiometer

Answer. b) Hygrometer;

Hygrometer:

A hygrometer is an instrument used to measure the humidity or moisture content in the air. It can be used in meteorology, industrial processes, and environmental monitoring.

33. Which of the following is correctly matched? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Thermo resistor - Electronic Thermometer

b) Capacitor - Thermometer

c) Bipolar - Rectifier

d) Junction Diode - Amplifier

Answer. a) Thermo resistor - Electronic Thermometer

34. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists: ( UPPSC PYQ)

List-I List-II

A. Stethoscope 1. To measure light intensity

B. Sphygnonometer 2. To detect the purity of gold

C. Karat meter 3. To hear the sound of the heart

D. Lux meter 4. To measure blood pressure

Code:

A B C D

a) 1 2 3 4

b) 4 3 2 1

c) 3 4 2 1

d) 2 1 4 3

Answer. c) 3 4 2 1

Stethoscope:

A stethoscope is a medical instrument used by healthcare professionals to listen to internal sounds of a patient's body, particularly the heart and lungs. It consists of a chest piece, tubing, and earpieces.

Sphygmomanometer:

A sphygmomanometer is a medical device used to measure blood pressure. It typically consists of an inflatable cuff to apply pressure, a pressure gauge, and a mercury or digital manometer to measure the pressure.

Karat Meter:

A karat meter is a device used in the jewelry industry to determine the purity or karat value of gold or other precious metals. It measures the metal's composition by assessing its electrical conductivity.

Lux Meter:

A lux meter, also known as a light meter, measures the illuminance or brightness of light in lux (a unit of illumination). It's used in photography, architecture, and lighting design.

35. The name of the equipment used for measuring blood pressure is ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Tacheo meter

b) Sphygmomanometer

c) Actinometer

d) Barometer

Answer. b) Sphygmomanometer

Sphygmomanometer:

36. The apparatus used to measure the intensity of light is known as ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Anemometer

b) Calorimeter

c) Lux meter

d) Altimeter

Answer. c) Lux meter

Lux Meter:

A lux meter, also known as a light meter, measures the illuminance or brightness of light in lux (a unit of illumination). It's used in photography, architecture, and lighting design.

37. Radar is used for ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Detecting objects by using light waves

b) Reflecting sound waves to detect objects

c) Determining the presence and location of the object with radio waves

d) Tracking rain-bearing clouds

Answer. c) Determining the presence and location of the object with radio waves

Radar:

Radar stands for "Radio Detection and Ranging." It's a technology that uses radio waves to detect and locate objects, including aircraft, ships, weather patterns, and more. It's widely used in aviation, meteorology, and military applications.

38. Richter Scale is used for measuring- ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Velocity of sound

b) Intensity of light

c) Amplitude of seismic waves

d) Intensity of sound

Answer. c) Amplitude of seismic waves;

Richter Scale:

The Richter scale, or more accurately, the moment magnitude scale (Mw), is a logarithmic scale used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes. It quantifies the energy released during an earthquake.

39. Which one of the following devices is used to measure the intensity of an earthquake? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Seismograph

b) Stethoscope

c) Cosmograph

d) Periscope

Answer. a) Seismograph;

Seismograph:

A seismograph, also known as a seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record seismic waves (earthquakes and ground vibrations). It consists of a mass suspended on a spring or pendulum, which moves with the ground motion and records the relative motion between the mass and a stable frame.

Stethoscope:

A stethoscope is a medical instrument used by healthcare professionals to listen to internal sounds of a patient's body, such as the heartbeat and lung sounds. It typically consists of a chest piece, tubing, and earpieces.

Cosmograph (Astrolabe):

A cosmograph, also known as an astrolabe, is an ancient astronomical instrument used for solving problems related to timekeeping, celestial navigation, and locating celestial objects in the sky. It was widely used by astronomers and navigators in the past.

Periscope:

A periscope is an optical device used on submarines, armored vehicles, and other applications where direct line-of-sight observation is obstructed. It typically consists of a series of mirrors or prisms to reflect and view objects above the observer's line of sight.

Thermostat:

A thermostat is a device used to control and maintain temperature within a desired range in heating, cooling, or air conditioning systems. It consists of a temperature sensor and a control mechanism to adjust heating or cooling devices accordingly.

40. Match The following- ( UPPSC PYQ)

A. Earthquake 1. Ammeter

B. Height 2. Seismograph

C. Electric Current 3. Altimeter

D. Resistance 4. Ohm

Code:

A B C D

a) 2 3 1 4

b) 2 3 4 1

c) 1 3 4 2

d) 2 3 4 1

Answer. a) 2 3 1 4

41. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists: ( UPPSC PYQ)

List I List II

A. Anemometer 1. Earthquake

B. Seismograph 2. Atmospheric Pressure

C. Barograph 3. Wind Velocity

D. Hygrometer 4. Humidity

Code:

A B C D

a) 1 2 3 4

b) 4 1 2 3

c) 4 1 3 2

d) 3 1 2 4

Answer. d) 3 1 2 4

42. Which one of the following is not correctly matched: ( UPPSC PYQ)

A. Manometer - Pressure

B. Carburettor - Internal Combustion Engine

C. Cardiograph - Heart Movement

D. Seismometer - Curvature of surface

Answer. D. Seismometer - Curvature of surface

43. A man is standing on a sensitive balance. If he inhales deeply, the reading of the balance- ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Increase

b) Decrease

c) Remains unaffected

d) May increase or decrease depending on the atmospheric pressure

Answer. b) Decrease

44. Which of the following is a vector quantity? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Time

b) Speed

c) Displacement

d) Distance

Answer. c) Displacement

45. What is the correct equation for finding acceleration? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) a=v-u/t

b) a=u +vt

c) a=v+u/t

d) a=v+u/2

Answer. a) a=v-u/t

46. A thermostat is a device which ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Measure heat

b) Measures temperature

c) Automatically regulates the temperature of a system

d) Automatically regulates the pressure of a system

Answer. c) Automatically regulates the temperature of a system

47. The value of one-kilowatt hour is ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) 3.6*10 ^(6) joules

b) 3.6*10 ^(3) joules

c) 10 ^(3) joules

d) 105 joules

Answer. a) 3.6*10 ^(6) joules

48. Five bulbs of 100 W capacity are lit in a tunnel continuously for 20 hours. The entire electricity expenditure will be ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) A unit

b) Two units

c) Ten Units

d) Twenty units

Answer. c) Ten Units

49. Radioactive dating is a technique that can be used to measure ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) The age of rocks

b) Composition of rocks

c) Color of rocks

d) Weight of rocks

Answer. a) The age of rocks

Carbon Dating Method (Radiocarbon Dating):

Carbon dating, or radiocarbon dating, is a widely used method for dating organic materials, such as archaeological artifacts, fossils, and ancient biological specimens.

It relies on the measurement of the radioactive isotope carbon-14 (^14C) in the sample. Carbon-14 is produced in the atmosphere and absorbed by living organisms during their lifetimes.

When an organism dies, it stops absorbing carbon-14, and the isotope begins to decay. By measuring the remaining carbon-14 in a sample and comparing it to the initial amount, scientists can estimate the time elapsed since the organism's death.

50. Which of the following methods is used for measuring the age of the earth? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Carbon dating method

b) Biotechnology method

c) Biological clock method

d) Uranium method

Answer. d) Uranium method

Carbon Dating Method (Radiocarbon Dating):

Carbon dating, or radiocarbon dating, is a widely used method for dating organic materials, such as archaeological artifacts, fossils, and ancient biological specimens.

It relies on the measurement of the radioactive isotope carbon-14 (^14C) in the sample. Carbon-14 is produced in the atmosphere and absorbed by living organisms during their lifetimes.

Biotechnology Method:

Biotechnology encompasses various methods and techniques for manipulating biological systems to achieve specific goals. It includes genetic engineering, cloning, and various molecular biology techniques.

Biotechnology can be used to study genetic information, modify organisms, develop new medical treatments, and improve agricultural practices, among other applications.

Biological Clock Method:

Biological clocks refer to inherent rhythms or cycles in living organisms. These clocks can include circadian rhythms (daily cycles), seasonal rhythms, and reproductive cycles.

Biological clock methods involve using the timing of biological events or markers within an organism to estimate its age or the timing of specific events, such as growth, reproduction, or migration.

Uranium Method (Uranium-Series Dating):

Uranium-series dating is a radiometric dating method used to determine the age of calcium carbonate materials, such as speleothems (stalactites and stalagmites in caves), corals, and certain archeological deposits.

This method relies on the radioactive decay of uranium isotopes (^238U, ^235U) and the production of daughter isotopes (e.g., ^230Th, ^231Pa) within the sample over time.

51. "Lightyear " is the measurement of? ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Time

b) Distance

c) Velocity

d) Heat

Answer. a) Time

52. Unit of Quantum is ( UPPSC 2022 PYQ)

a) Bit

b) Byte

c) Mole

d) Qubit

Answer. d) Qubit

53. Biggest unit of distance is ( UPPSC PYQ)

a) Lightyear

b) Astrological Unit

c) PARSEC

d) Giga meter

Answer. c) PARSEC

1 PARSEC 3.2 lightyear= 3.086 * 10 ^16

54. Which of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched? ( UPPSC PYQ 2022)

Quantity S.I. Unit

a) Pressure: Pascal

b) Power of lense: Diopter

c) Heat: Joule

d) Activity of radio ( Active substance): curie

Answer. d) Activity of radio ( Active substance): curie;

SI unit of Radioactivity is becquerels. Henri Becquerels discovered the Radioactive elements.

Radioactive elements are all those elements in periodic tables whose atomic number is greater than 82.

55.

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