1. One byte equals how many bits?
a) 8
b) 16
c) 24
d) 32
Answer. a) 8;
Computer memory is typically measured in bytes or multiples. Here are some common units of measurement for computer memory:
Bit (b): The smallest unit of data, representing a binary digit (0 or 1).
Byte (B): A group of 8 bits. It is the fundamental unit of memory and storage in most computer systems.
Kilobyte (KB): Approximately 1,024 bytes.
Megabytes (MB): Approximately 1,024 kilobytes.
Gigabyte (GB): Approximately 1,024 megabytes.
Terabyte (TB): Approximately 1,024 gigabytes.
Petabyte (PB): Approximately 1,024 terabytes
Exabyte (EB): Approximately 1,024 petabytes
Zettabyte (ZB): Approximately 1,024 exabytes
Yottabyte (YB): Approximately 1,024 zettabytes
2. 1 kilobyte is equal to
a) 1000 bytes
b) 1000 bite
c) 1024 bytes
d) 1000 words
Answer. c) 1024 bytes
3. Computer hardware, which can store huge amounts of data, is called-
a) Magnetic tape
b) Disc
c) Both A and B
d) Neither of the above
Answer. c) Both A and B;
Magnetic tape and magnetic disk (or magnetic diskette) are two different forms of data storage technology used in computing.
Magnetic Tape:
Magnetic tape storage involves storing data on a long strip of magnetic tape wound around a reel or cartridge.
Historically, magnetic tape has been used for long-term backup and archival storage. It's cost-effective for storing large volumes of data that don't need to be accessed frequently.
Sequential Access: Magnetic tape is a sequential-access storage medium, meaning you must read or write data sequentially from the beginning to reach specific data points.
Data Density: It typically has lower data density compared to modern hard drives or SSDs.
Durability: Tapes are durable and can withstand environmental conditions better than some other storage media.
Magnetic Disk (Magnetic Diskette):
Magnetic disks, commonly known as floppy disks, are flat, circular, and made of flexible magnetic material enclosed in a protective plastic casing.
Use Cases: Floppy disks were popular in the past for data storage, especially for transferring small files between computers. However, they are largely obsolete today due to their limited storage capacity.
Random Access: Magnetic disks offer random access, meaning you can quickly access any part of the data without reading sequentially.
Data Density: Floppy disks have limited data storage capacity, usually measured in kilobytes or megabytes.
Portability: They are small and portable, making them convenient for transferring data in the past.
4. The most important part of a computer is -
a) CPU
b) Keyboard
d) Disc
d) The printer
Answer. a) CPU;
CPU (Central Processing Unit):
The CPU is often considered the "brain" of the computer.
It performs calculations and executes instructions from programs and software.
It processes data and manages the overall operation of the computer.
CPUs come in various types and speeds, affecting a computer's performance.
Keyboard:
The keyboard is an input device used for entering text, commands, and other data into the computer.
It contains keys for letters, numbers, symbols, and various function keys.
Keyboards can be physical (hardware) or virtual (on-screen) depending on the device.
Disk (Storage Device):
A disk refers to a storage device used to store data, programs, and files.
This can include hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), or other storage media.
It provides long-term storage for the computer's operating system and user data.
Printer:
A printer is an output device used to produce physical copies of digital documents and images on paper or other media.
Printers come in various types, including inkjet, laser, dot matrix, and 3D printers, each with its own capabilities and applications.
They are essential for creating hard copies of documents for various purposes.
5. Which of the following is the main electronic component of a third-generation computer?
a) Electronic tube
b) Transistor
c) Optical fiber
d) Integrated circuit
Answer. d) Integrated circuit ;
The evolution of computer systems spans several decades and can be divided into several key generations:
First Generation (1940s-1950s):
Vacuum tube technology was used to build the earliest computers.
These computers were large, expensive, and consumed a lot of power.
They were primarily used for scientific and military calculations.
Second Generation (1950s-1960s):
Transistors replaced vacuum tubes, resulting in smaller, more reliable, and less power-hungry computers.
The development of programming languages like Fortran and COBOL made software more accessible.
Magnetic core memory was used for storage.
Third Generation (1960s-1970s):
Integrated circuits (ICs) allowed for even smaller and more powerful computers.
Time-sharing systems allow multiple users to interact with a single computer.
The development of high-level programming languages like BASIC and C improved software development.
Fourth Generation (1970s-Present):
Microprocessors were invented, leading to the development of personal computers (PCs).
Smaller, more affordable computers became available to the general public.
The graphical user interface (GUI) and the mouse were introduced.
Networking technologies, such as the Internet, began to connect computers globally.
Fifth Generation (Present and Beyond):
Currently ongoing, this generation is marked by advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and quantum computing.
Computers are becoming increasingly capable of understanding and processing natural language and solving complex problems.
Quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize computing by solving certain problems much faster than classical computers.
6. the device by which data are transferred by telephone with the help of a binary signal is
a) Modem
b) Analog
c) Monitor
d) O.C. R
Answer. a) Modem;
Modem (Modulator-Demodulator):
A modem is a device that modulates and demodulates digital data to allow it to be transmitted over analog communication lines.
It converts digital data from computers into analog signals for transmission over telephone lines (or other analog mediums) and then converts incoming analog signals back into digital data.
Modems are commonly used for internet connections over DSL, cable, or dial-up phone lines.
Analog:
Analog refers to a type of signal or data representation where information is conveyed using continuous variations in physical properties such as voltage, amplitude, or frequency.
In contrast to digital, which uses discrete values (0s and 1s), analog signals are continuous and can represent a wide range of values.
Examples of analog technologies include analog audio signals, vinyl records, and analog watches.
Monitor:
A monitor is a display device used to visualize digital or analog data from a computer or other electronic devices.
Monitors come in various types, including LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), LED (Light Emitting Diode), OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), and CRT (Cathode Ray Tube).
They are used for tasks ranging from computer displays to television screens.
OCR (Optical Character Recognition):
OCR is a technology that allows the conversion of printed or handwritten text into digital text that can be edited and processed by computers.
It involves the use of algorithms and image analysis to recognize characters and words in scanned documents or images.
7. A Carbon microphone is best used to
a) Dynamo
b) Telephone
c) Transformer
d) None of these
Answer. b) Telephone;
Carbon Microphone:
A carbon microphone is an early type of microphone that converts sound waves into electrical signals.
It consists of a diaphragm placed in front of a carbon button or granules.
When sound waves strike the diaphragm, it causes variations in pressure on the carbon material, leading to changes in electrical resistance.
These resistance changes are then converted into electrical signals, which can be amplified and transmitted.
Dynamo:
A dynamo is a mechanical generator that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
It typically uses the principle of electromagnetic induction, where a coil of wire rotates within a magnetic field, generating an electric current.
Dynamos were used in early electrical systems to power devices and provide electricity before the widespread adoption of alternators and generators.
Telephone:
A telephone is a communication device that allows voice transmission over long distances.
It was originally invented by Alexander Graham Bell in the late 19th century.
Telephones work by converting sound waves (vocal sounds) into electrical signals that can be transmitted over wires or, in modern times, via digital networks.
Transformer:
A transformer is an electrical device used to change the voltage of alternating current (AC) electricity.
It consists of two coils of wire, known as the primary and secondary windings, wrapped around a shared magnetic core.
8. The first computer was made by
a) Bill Gates
b) Bill Clinton
c) Charles Babbage
d) Marconi
Answer. c) Charles Babbage;
Charles Babbage (1791-1871) was an English mathematician, inventor, and mechanical engineer who is often referred to as the "Father of the Computer" due to his pioneering work on early mechanical computers and computational concepts.
9. First Indigenously developed Supercomputer is
a) Gati
b) Dharam
c) Shakti
d) Param
Answer. d) Param
10. Which one of the following is a supercomputer project developed by Bhabha Atomic Research Centre?
a) PARAM Padma
b) Chipps
c) Flosolver Mark
d) Anupam
Answer. d) Anupam
11. In a computer, the permanent memory is called-
a) RAM
b) ROM
c) CPU
d) CDROM
Answer. b) ROM;
RAM (Random Access Memory):
RAM is a type of computer memory that is used for temporarily storing data that the CPU (Central Processing Unit) is currently working on.
It is a volatile memory, meaning that its contents are lost when the computer is powered off or restarted.
RAM is crucial for the smooth and fast operation of a computer as it provides quick access to data that the CPU needs for processing.
ROM (Read-Only Memory):
ROM is a type of computer memory that contains data that cannot be easily modified or overwritten.
It typically stores firmware or software instructions that are permanently programmed into the computer's hardware.
Examples of ROM include the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) in a computer and the firmware in various devices.
CPU (Central Processing Unit):
The CPU is the primary component of a computer responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations.
It acts as the "brain" of the computer and processes data and instructions from programs and software.
CPUs come in various types and speeds, affecting a computer's performance.
CD-ROM (Compact Disc - Read-Only Memory):
CD-ROM is a type of optical storage medium that contains data that can only be read, not written or modified.
It was commonly used for distributing software, games, music, and other digital content in the past.
CD-ROM drives were popular components of computers in the 1990s and early 2000s.
12. In Computer terminology, RAM stands for
a) Recent and Ancient memory
b) Random Access Memory
c) Read And Memorise
d) Recall All Memory
Answer. b) Random Access Memory
13. Which one of the following is scientific computer language?
a) BASIC
b) COBOL
c) FORTRON
d) PASCAL
Answer. c) FORTRON;
BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code):
BASIC is a high-level programming language designed for beginners.
It was created in the mid-1960s to provide an easy-to-learn language for non-programmers.
BASIC has a simple syntax and was widely used in early personal computers.
It's known for its accessibility and educational value.
COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language):
COBOL is a high-level programming language developed in the late 1950s.
It was designed for business data processing and remains a prominent language in the financial and government sectors.
COBOL is known for its English-like syntax and readability.
Fortran (Formula Translation):
Fortran is one of the oldest high-level programming languages, dating back to the late 1950s.
It was developed for scientific and engineering applications, particularly for numerical and scientific computing.
Fortran's focus on numerical and mathematical operations made it a key language for scientific research.
Pascal:
Pascal is a high-level programming language designed by Niklaus Wirth in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
It was created with a focus on structured programming and ease of learning.
Pascal introduced structured programming concepts, including procedures and functions.
14. GPS Stands for which one of the following-
a) Greenwich Polar Satellite
b) Global Police Surveillance
c) Global Positioning System
d) General Pacific Survey
Answer. c) Global Positioning System;
GPS stands for "Global Positioning System." It is a satellite-based navigation system that allows users to determine their precise geographical location and track their movement anywhere on Earth.
GPS relies on a constellation of satellites orbiting the Earth. There are approximately 24 to 32 active GPS satellites in orbit.
GPS works by using a process called trilateration. Receivers on Earth pick up signals from multiple GPS satellites and calculate their distances based on the time it takes for the signals to reach them. By knowing the precise locations of the satellites and their distances from the receiver, the GPS device can determine its own location.
The accuracy of GPS can vary depending on several factors, including the number of satellites in view, atmospheric conditions, and the quality of the GPS receiver. In most cases, GPS can provide location information with an accuracy of a few meters to a few centimeters.
Applications: GPS has a wide range of applications, including:
Navigation and mapping: GPS is commonly used in car navigation systems and smartphone apps for directions.
Aviation: GPS is crucial for aircraft navigation and landing.
Marine: GPS aids in marine navigation and tracking.
Surveying: GPS is used in land surveying and geodesy.
Emergency services: GPS helps locate people in distress.
Agriculture: GPS is used in precision agriculture for crop monitoring and equipment guidance.
Military: GPS has military applications for navigation, targeting, and reconnaissance.
15. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
a) Y2K-Computer
b) Arthritis - Uric Acid
c) Noise pollution -decibels
d) PARAM 10,000 - Earth to Earth Missile
Answer. d) PARAM 10,000 - Earth to Earth Missile
16. Which of the following laser rays is used in laser printers?
a) Dye laser
b) Semiconductor laser
c) Excimer laser
d) Gas laser
Answer. b) Semiconductor laser;
A laser printer is a type of computer printer that uses a laser beam to produce high-quality text and graphics on paper.
Laser printers work on a process called "electrophotography" or "xerography."
Laser printers use toner cartridges that contain fine, dry powder particles.
The electrostatic image created on the drum attracts the toner particles, forming the printed content.
Laser printers are known for their high print quality, sharp text, and precise graphics.
Laser printers come in both monochrome (black and white) and color models.
17. The full form of www is-
a) Windo World Wide
b) Web Working Windo
c) World Working web
d) World Wide Web
Answer. d) World Wide Web;
Sir Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist and is credited with inventing the World Wide Web (WWW). Invention of the World Wide Web:
Tim Berners-Lee, working at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) in Switzerland, proposed the concept of the World Wide Web in 1989.
He wrote the first web browser and web server software and, in 1990, created the first website, which explained the basic principles of the World Wide Web.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language):
Berners-Lee also developed HTML, a markup language for creating web pages, which allowed text, links, and multimedia elements to be displayed in a web browser.
HTML is a fundamental technology for building and displaying content on the web.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol):
Berners-Lee designed the HTTP protocol, which is the foundation for data communication on the World Wide Web.
HTTP governs how web browsers and servers exchange data, enabling the retrieval and display of web content
18. Who, among the following is considered as the inventor of the world wide web ( www)?
a) Edward Kasner
b) Bill Gates
c) Tim Berners - Lee
d) Vinod Dham
Answer. c) Tim Berners - Lee
19. Bluetooth technology allows-
a) Signal transmission on mobile phones only
b) Landline phone to mobile phone communication
c) Satellite television communication
d) Wireless communication between equipment
Answer. d) Wireless communication between equipment
20. Which one of the following is not infotech terminology-
a) Cyberspace
b) Upload
c) Optical Storage
d) Modem
Answer. c) Optical Storage
Information technology (IT) is a field with a vast array of terminology and jargon. Here are some common IT terms and their explanations:
Hardware:
Computer: An electronic device that processes data and performs computations.
Server: A specialized computer that provides services or resources to other computers (clients) over a network.
Router: A networking device that directs data packets between different computer networks.
Switch A device that connects devices in a local area network (LAN) and forwards data based on MAC addresses.
Software:
Operating System (OS): System software that manages computer hardware and provides common services for computer programs.
Application Software: Programs designed for specific tasks, such as word processing, spreadsheet analysis, or graphic design.
Open Source: Software whose source code is made available to the public, allowing modification and redistribution.
Networking:
LAN (Local Area Network): A network that connects devices within a limited geographical area, like an office or home.
WAN (Wide Area Network): A network that spans larger geographical areas, often connecting LANs.
IP Address: A unique numerical label assigned to each device on a network for identification and addressing.
Firewall: A security device or software that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic.
Cybersecurity:
Virus: Malicious software that can replicate itself and damage computer systems.
Encryption: The process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.
Phishing: A cyberattack method where attackers try to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information.
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): A security process that requires users to provide two different authentication factors to gain access to an account.
Cloud Computing:
Cloud Service: A service provided over the internet, often involving storage, processing, or software delivery.
SaaS (Software as a Service): Software provided as a service through the cloud, accessible via a web browser.
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Cloud service providing virtualized computing resources over the internet.
Public Cloud: Cloud resources and services provided by third-party providers to the general public.
Data and Storage:
Big Data: Large volumes of structured and unstructured data that are difficult to process using traditional methods.
Database: An organized collection of data stored and accessed electronically.
Backup: The process of creating copies of data to prevent data loss in case of hardware failures or disasters.
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks): A storage technology that combines multiple disk drives into a single logical unit to improve performance or redundancy.
21. Which one of the following is not an infotech terminology?
a) Login
b) Modem
c) Password
d) Pinaka
Answer. d) Pinaka
22. Which one of the following is a part of infotech terminology?
a) Protocol
b) Login
c) Archie
d) All of the above
Answer. d) All of the above
23. A computer virus is a
a) Fungus
b) Bacterium
c) IC 7344
d) Software program
Answer. d) Software program;
A computer virus is a type of malicious software (malware) that is designed to replicate itself and spread from one computer to another. These viruses can cause various forms of harm to computer systems, data, and networks.
24. Computer Virus mean?
a) A new virus
b) Plague virus
c) Destructive program
d) Hardware of the computer
Answer. c) Destructive program
25. The memory of the computer is measured by -
a) Bits
b) Ohms
c) Amperes
d) Volts
Answer. a) Bits
26. A. T. M. Means
a) Automatic Transaction Machine
b) Automatic Transfer Machine
c) Automated Teller Machine
d) Advance Transaction Machine
Answer. c) Automated Teller Machine;
Automated Teller Machine:
An Automated Teller Machine, commonly referred to as an ATM, is a self-service banking terminal that allows customers to perform various financial transactions without the need for human assistance.
Common ATM functions include cash withdrawals, deposits, balance inquiries, fund transfers, bill payments, and obtaining account statements.
ATMs are typically located in bank branches, retail locations, and other convenient spots for customer access.
27. Liquid Crystals are used in
a) Wrist Watches
b) Display Devices
c) Pocket Calculators
d) All of the above
Answer. d) All of the above
28. Which of the following would be the smallest and fastest computer-imitating brain-working
a) Supercomputer
b) Quantum computer
c) PARAM -10000
d) IBM Chips
Answer. b) Quantum computer;
A quantum computer is a type of computer that uses the principles of quantum mechanics to perform calculations. Unlike classical computers, which use bits as the basic unit of data (0 or 1), quantum computers use quantum bits or qubits. Quantum computers have the potential to solve certain problems much faster than classical computers due to their unique properties.
29. From which material I.C chips are made of which is used in computer
a) Silicon
b) Copper
c) Steel
d) Plastic
Answer. a) Silicon;
An IC (Integrated Circuit) chip, often simply referred to as a "chip," is a tiny electronic device that contains a large number of interconnected electronic components, such as transistors, resistors, capacitors, and diodes, all etched onto a small semiconductor wafer or substrate. IC chips are a fundamental part of modern electronics and have numerous applications across various industries.
30. Which one of the following expresses an error in computer data-
a) Chip
b) Byte
c) Bug
d) Bit
Answer. c) Bug
31. The Full Form of the SIM
a) Subscriber's Identity Module
b) Subscriber's Identity Machine
c) Self-Identity Machine
d) Self-Identity Module
Answer. a) Subscriber's Identity Module;
SIM (Subscriber Identity Module):
A SIM card is a small, removable card that is inserted into mobile phones and other cellular-enabled devices.
It stores critical information related to the user's identity, phone number, network authentication, and security keys.
SIM cards come in different sizes (Standard, Micro, Nano) to fit various devices.
They are essential for connecting to a cellular network, enabling voice calls, text messaging, and mobile data services.
SIM cards can be easily transferred between compatible devices, making it convenient for users to switch phones while retaining their phone number and network identity.
32. Which of the following statements about "Flash memory" is not correct?
a) It is used for information storage in devices like digital cameras, laptops, etc.
b) This wide heating range of -40 degrees centigrade, from +85 degrees centigrade can work in
c) It is much cheaper than a normal mechanical disk drive
d) It consumes less power
Answer. c) It is much cheaper than a normal mechanical disk drive;
Flash Memory:
Flash memory is a type of non-volatile storage that retains data even when the power is turned off.
It is widely used in various electronic devices for data storage, including smartphones, digital cameras, USB drives, SSDs (Solid State Drives), and memory cards.
Flash memory is known for its fast access times and reliability.
There are different types of flash memory, including NAND flash and NOR flash, each with specific characteristics suited to various applications.
NAND flash is commonly used for mass storage, while NOR flash is used for code storage in embedded systems.
33. Computer Literacy Day is celebrated on
a) On 16 August
b) On 2 December
c) On 5 June
d) 24 October
Answer. b) On 2 December
34.
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