1. Rocket works on which of the following principles? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Avogadro's concept
b) Energy conservation
c) Bernoulli's theorem
d) Momentum conservation
Answer. d) Momentum conservation;
Rockets work based on the principles of Newton's Third Law of Motion and Momentum conservation, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
2. Which one of the following is not a space satellite?
a) SLV-3
b) RS-D1
c) IRS-1D
d) INSAT-2D
Answer. a) SLV-3;
SLV-3 (Satellite Launch Vehicle-3): SLV-3 was India's first experimental satellite launch vehicle, developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It was used for launching the Rohini satellite into orbit in 1980.
RS-D1 (Rohini Satellite-Dev 1): RS-D1 was India's first satellite, launched by the SLV-3 in 1980. It was a small, experimental satellite designed for Earth observation and scientific research.
IRS-1D (Indian Remote Sensing Satellite-1D): IRS-1D was a part of India's IRS series of Earth observation satellites. It was launched in 1997 and was primarily used for applications such as agriculture, forestry, and environmental monitoring.
INSAT-2D (Indian National Satellite System-2D): INSAT-2D was a communication satellite in India's INSAT series. It was launched in 1997 and provided services such as telecommunication, broadcasting, and meteorology.
3. Rocket works on the principle of which one of the following? ( UPPSC PYQ)
a) Energy conservation
b) Momentum Conservation
c) Avogadro's hypothesis
d) Bernoulli's theorem
Answer. b) Momentum Conservation;
Avogadro's Concept: Avogadro's concept, often referred to as Avogadro's hypothesis or Avogadro's law, states that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules. This concept is crucial in understanding the relationship between the number of particles (atoms or molecules) and the amount of substance in chemistry, particularly in the context of the mole.
Energy Conservation: The principle of energy conservation, also known as the law of conservation of energy, states that the total energy in a closed system remains constant over time. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only change forms. This principle is fundamental in physics and has far-reaching implications in various fields, including mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism.
Bernoulli's Theorem: Bernoulli's theorem, named after the Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli, describes the relationship between the pressure, velocity, and elevation of a fluid in a moving stream. Bernoulli's theorem is widely used in fluid dynamics to explain phenomena such as the lift on an aircraft wing and the flow in a pipe.
Momentum Conservation: The principle of momentum conservation states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it. Mathematically, this is expressed as the conservation of the product of an object's mass and velocity. Momentum is a vector quantity, so both the magnitude and direction must be conserved. This principle is fundamental in understanding collisions and interactions between objects in physics.
4. Astronauts in space can not stand erect, because-
a) There is no gravity
b) Viscous forces of the atmosphere are very strong
c) Solar wind exerts an upward force
d) Atmospheric pressure is very low
Answer. a) There is no gravity;
Astronauts in space cannot stand erect because there is no gravity or a significant gravitational force to hold them down. On Earth, we stand upright because gravity pulls us toward the planet's center, providing a downward force that supports our bodies.
In space, such as aboard the International Space Station (ISS) or during spacewalks, astronauts experience microgravity or weightlessness. In this environment, they essentially float freely because there is no gravitational force pulling them toward the floor. Instead, they can move in any direction and must use handrails, footholds, or restraints to position themselves and perform tasks.
5. If an apple is released from an orbiting spaceship, it will-
a) Fall towards the earth
b) Move at a lower speed
c) Move along with the spaceship at the same speed
d) Move at a higher speed
Answer. c) Move along with the spaceship at the same speed
6. The satellite moves in its orbit around the earth; it is due to
a) Centrifugal force
b) Centripetal Force
c) Gravitational Force or lack of it
d) Some other forces
Answer. b) Centripetal Force;
A satellite moves in its orbit around the Earth due to the combination of its forward velocity and the gravitational pull of the Earth. This motion is a result of Newton's laws of motion and universal gravitation.
Centrifugal Force: Centrifugal force is not a "real" force but rather a perceived or apparent force experienced by an object in a rotating or accelerating reference frame.
Centripetal Force: Centripetal force is a real force that acts on an object moving in a circular path. It is directed towards the center of the circle or the axis of rotation.
Gravitational Force: Gravitational force is the attractive force of gravity between two objects with mass. It is one of the fundamental forces of nature and is described by Newton's law of universal gravitation. Every object with mass exerts a gravitational force on other objects with mass. This force is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. For example, the gravitational force between the Earth and an object on or near its surface is what gives the object weight and keeps it firmly on the ground.
7. A geosynchronous satellite is continuously active in its orbit due to centripetal force which is obtained by
a) The rocket engine that propelled the satellite
b) The Gravitational force on the satellite by the earth
c) The gravitational force on the satellite by the sun
d) The gravitational force on the earth by satellite.
Answer. b) The Gravitational force on the satellite by the Earth;
Geosynchronous satellites are positioned in a specific orbit known as geostationary orbit, where they appear to "hover" over a fixed point on the Earth's surface. These satellites have a period of revolution that matches the Earth's rotation, allowing them to maintain a fixed position relative to the planet.
8. The Artificial satellite can be tracked distinctly from the Earth-
a) Doppler effect
b) Radar
c) Sonar
d) Pulsar
Answer. a) Doppler effect
9. A satellite revolves around the Earth in its orbit. For which of the following reasons does it happen?
a) Centrifugal force
b) Centripetal force
c) Force of gravity or lack thereof
d) Any other force
Answer. b) Centripetal force;
10. The First Satellite India sent to Space, was-
a) Bhaskar
b) Rohini
c) Aryabhatta
d) Apple
Answer. c) Aryabhatta;
India's first geosynchronous satellite was named "Aryabhata." Aryabhata was named after the ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer Aryabhata. It was launched on April 19, 1975, from the Soviet Union's Kapustin Yar launch site. Aryabhata was an experimental satellite that marked India's entry into the field of space technology and satellite development.
11. Kalpana-I is the new name given to one of the following-
a) Insat-1 A
b) Metsat
c) Insat-2B
d) Agni-II
Answer. b) Metsat
12. A geostationary satellite has a period of
a) 6 Hours
b) 12 hours
c) 18 hours
d) 24 hours
Answer. d) 24 hours;
A geostationary satellite, often referred to as a geosynchronous equatorial orbit (GEO) satellite, is a type of satellite that orbits the Earth at an altitude and speed that allows it to remain in a fixed position relative to the Earth's surface.
13. NASA the US space agency, has launched a telescope named Kepler to find
a) Distant Stars
b) Distant Planets
c) Distant Satellite
d) Earth-like planets
Answer. d) Earth-like planets
14. India's first remote sensing satellite ( I.R.S. IA) was launched from
a) Baikanour
b) Cape Kennedy
c) French Gauna
d) Sri Harikota
Answer. a) Baikanour
15. Which is the correct chronological order of the following space programs?
1. APPLE
2. IGMD
3. STEP
4. SITE
Code:
a) B, C, D, A
b) D, C, A, B
c) C, A, D, B
d) A, C, D, B
Answer. b) D, C, A, B
16. Rocket works on the principle of the following-
a) Avogadro's concept
b) Energy conservation
c) Momentum conservation
d) Bernoulli's theorem
Answer. c) Momentum conservation
17. India built satellite launch vehicles in a few decades. What is the correct chronology for making the following A, B, C, and D?
A. PSLV
B. ASLV
C. SLV
D. GSLV
Code:
a) A, B, C, D
b) B, C, D, A
c) D, C, B, A
d) C, B, A, D
Answer. d) C, B, A, D;
PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle): PSLV is an expendable launch vehicle developed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is primarily used for launching satellites into polar orbits and sun-synchronous orbits. PSLV has been a workhorse of ISRO's launch fleet and is known for its reliability and versatility.
ASLV (Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle): ASLV was an earlier generation launch vehicle developed by ISRO. It was used in the 1980s and 1990s for launching smaller payloads into orbit. ASLV was eventually succeeded by the more capable PSLV.
SLV (Satellite Launch Vehicle): SLV was India's first experimental satellite launch vehicle, developed by ISRO. It was used for launching the Rohini satellite into orbit in 1980. SLV marked India's entry into the space launch arena.
GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle): GSLV is another launch vehicle developed by ISRO, designed for launching heavier payloads into geosynchronous orbits. GSLV is used for missions that require satellites to be positioned in geostationary orbits, such as communication satellites.
18. ISRO's Master Control Facility is at Hassan, which is located-
a) Andhra Pradesh
b) Gujarat
c) Orissa
d) Karnataka
Answer. d) Karnataka;
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) operates several launching stations and facilities in India for launching rockets and conducting space missions. Some of the key launching stations and facilities include:
Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), also known as Sriharikota Range (SHAR): Located in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, SDSC SHAR is ISRO's primary launch center. It is used for launching satellites into various orbits, including geostationary, polar, and sun-synchronous orbits. SDSC SHAR is equipped with multiple launch pads and integration facilities.
U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC): Formerly known as ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC), URSC is located in Bengaluru, Karnataka. While it's primarily involved in satellite development and integration, it plays a vital role in various aspects of space missions, including mission planning and control.
Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC): LPSC has facilities in Valiamala (Kerala) and Bengaluru (Karnataka). It is responsible for developing liquid propulsion systems used in ISRO's rockets.
Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC): Located in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, VSSC is involved in the development of launch vehicle technology and sounding rockets. It conducts research and development activities related to space science and technology.
ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC): Located at Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu, IPRC is responsible for testing and assembling propulsion systems used in ISRO's rockets and spacecraft.
19. The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre at Trivandrum is mainly concerned with
1. Research in propellants for launching rockets
2. Launched sounding rockets to investigate problems of meteorology.
3. Design and fabrication of spacecraft
4. Development of satellite launch
Select the answer from the code given below-
a) 1 and 4 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 3 and 4 only
d) All of the above
Answer. a) 1 and 4 only
20. Consider the following Assertion A and Reason R and choose your answer from given code-
Assertion A- The upper surface of the wings of an airplane is convex and the lower surface is concave.
Reason R- the air current at the top has less velocity and thus less pressure at the bottom than at the top
Code-
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
c) A is false and R is true
d) A is true and R is false
Answer. d) A is true and R is false
21. The "Black Box" of an airplane is of
a) White Colour
b) Red Colour
c) Black Colour
d) Orange Colour
Answer. d) Orange Colour;
A "black box" in an airplane refers to two critical components:
Flight Data Recorder (FDR): The FDR is one part of the black box system. It is an electronic device that records a wide range of flight data parameters, such as altitude, airspeed, heading, vertical acceleration, and the positions of various control surfaces (e.g., flaps, rudder). The FDR continuously records this data throughout the flight and is designed to withstand extreme conditions, including crashes and fires. This recorded data is crucial for accident investigators in determining the causes of accidents or incidents.
Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR): The CVR is the other part of the black box system. It is a separate device that records audio from the cockpit, including conversations among the flight crew, as well as ambient sounds and alarms. The CVR typically stores the most recent two hours of cockpit audio. Like the FDR, the CVR is built to withstand harsh conditions to preserve the recorded information for investigative purposes.
Together, the FDR and CVR are often referred to as "black boxes," even though they are typically painted bright orange to make them easier to locate in the event of an accident. These devices are crucial tools for understanding the sequence of events leading up to an aircraft accident and improving aviation safety through lessons learned from investigations.
22. Which of the following planets may be suitable for the existence of life?
a) Mars
b) Wed
c) Venus
d) Jupiter
Answer. a) Mars;
Several factors make life on Mars challenging:
Harsh Environment: Mars has an extremely harsh environment with a thin atmosphere primarily composed of carbon dioxide, very low temperatures, and intense radiation from the sun due to the lack of a strong magnetic field. Surface conditions are not conducive to the existence of most forms of life as we know them.
Water: Liquid water is a key ingredient for life as we know it. While Mars does have water in the form of ice at its polar caps and underground, it is not readily available on the surface.
Lack of Atmosphere: Mars' thin atmosphere offers little protection from harmful cosmic and solar radiation, making the surface hostile to life.
Despite these challenges, there are some reasons for optimism:
Past Water: Evidence from Mars rovers and orbiters suggests that liquid water may have existed on the Martian surface in the past. Ancient riverbeds, lakebeds, and minerals that form in the presence of water have been discovered.
Potential Habitats: Some regions of Mars, such as underground or within certain types of rocks, may provide more stable environments where microbial life could potentially exist.
27. Stratellite is the
a) Uppermost band of stratosphere
b) Lowermost band of the stratosphere
c) High-altitude airship positioned in the stratosphere
d) Natural satellite of Saturn
Answer. c) High-altitude airship positioned in the stratosphere
28. Thumba known as the rocket launching station is situated in
a) Uttar Pradesh
b) Biahr
c) Jharkhand
d) Kerala
Answer. d) Kerala
29. Sriharikota Island lies near
a) Chilika lake
b) Pulicat lake
c) Mahanadi Estuary
d) Godavari Estuary
Answer. b) Pulicat Lake
30. The cryogenic engine is used in
a) Boeing
b) Rapid rail engines
c) Space Shuttle
d) Nuclear reactor
Answer. c) Space Shuttle;
A cryogenic engine is a type of rocket engine that uses cryogenic propellants, which are substances that are extremely cold and exist in a gaseous or liquid state at very low temperatures. Typically, cryogenic engines use liquid hydrogen (LH2) as fuel and liquid oxygen (LOX) as the oxidizer
31. Which of the following is not used as rocket propellant-
a) Liquid hydrogen
b) Liquid oxygen
c) Liquid hydrazine
d) Kerosene oil
Answer. c) Liquid hydrazine;
32.
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