Question.
Discuss the architectural features of the monuments of Agra.
(UPPSC Mains General Studies-V/GS-5 2023 Solutions)
Answer.
Agra was the capital of Mughal between 1526 to 1571 and between 1598 to 1648.
Agra is home to many monuments and structures that showcase a blend of architectural styles spanning several centuries.
Important monuments of Agra are:
- Taj Mahal
- Agra Fort
- Fatehpur Sikri ( Buland Darwaza)
- Itmad-ud-Daulah's Tomb
Taj Mahal:
The Taj Mahal is a masterpiece of Mughal architecture.
It was built by Shah Jahan in the 17th century in memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal.
Its symmetrical layout, white marble construction, inlay work ( pietra dura), and exquisite calligraphy characterize it.
Agra Fort:
Agra Fort is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
It was built by Akbar in the 16th century.
Red sandstones were mainly used for construction.
It reflects a blend of Mughal, Persian, and Hindu architectural styles, with features such as massive gates and battlements.
It is about 2.5 km in length and 70 feet high.
Fatehpur Sikri:
Fatehpur Sikri is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is in Agra district.
It was the capital of the Mughal Empire during Akbar's reign.
The city was originally rectangular with a grid pattern of roads and canals.
Buland Darwaza, Jama Masjid, Tomb of Salim Chisti, and Panch Mahal are important monuments in the city.
Itmad-ud-Daulah's Tomb:
Itmad-ud-Daulah's Tomb is also known as "Baby Taj".
It was commissioned by Nur Jahan, the wife of Emperor Jahangir.
This Tomb was the first to use pietra dura-style decoration with semi-precious stones and later its design was incorporated into the Taj Mahal.
The above architectural treasures of Agra indicate the richness and diversity of India's culture, which attracts tourists.
You may like also:
ConversionConversion EmoticonEmoticon