Question.
Describe the major stages in the formulation of the Gram Panchayat Development Plan (GPDP) in Uttar Pradesh.
(UPPSC Mains General Studies-V/GS-5 2023 Solutions)
Answer.
About Gram Panchayat:
- About 68 % of India's population lives in Rural areas.
- About 6,40,930 villages are in India.
- The area of India is about 32.87 Lakh square km ( about 2.4 % of the total surface of the earth).
- There are 75 districts in Uttar Pradesh and about 106747 villages in the state.
- The Panchayati Raj system is the system of local self-governance in rural India.
- Balwant Rai Mehta Committee ( 1957) recommended the three-tier Panchayat.
- Rajasthan was the first state to implement the three-tier Panchayat in Nagpur District on October 2, 1959.
The three-tier Panchayati Raj system in India received constitutional status through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment in 1992 ( implemented in 1993). It has 29 subjects mentioned in the 11th Schedule. It is also mentioned in Part 9 of the constitution. Article 243 to Article 243 O are related to the Panchayati Raj Institution.
Article 40 of the Directive Principle of State Policy is related to the Panchayati Raj Institution.
There are three-tier in Panchayat Raj Institutions:
- Gram Panchayat at Village Level.
- Panchayat Samiti or Janpad Panchayat at Block level
- Zila Parishad or Zila Panchayat at the District level
Major stages in the formulation of the Gram Panchayat Development Plan ( GPDP):
The formulation of the development plan happens through Jan Yojana Abhiyan, public awareness, Gram Panchayat Development Plan with community participation in all the country's states.
Gram Sabhas formulate plans and hand them over to Gram Panchayats.
Gram Panchayats and Gram Sabhas are assisted by the Village Development Officer ( VDO) and departmental officers at various levels for planning, consolidation, technical assistance, budgeting, implementation, and monitoring.
The Jan Yojana Abhiyan is implemented annually from 2nd October to 31st March among the three-tier Panchayat Raj Institutions.
Stages of Gram Panchayat Development Plan Preparation:
Step 1:
Gram Sabha formation is the first step for the Gram Panchayat Development plant.
Gram Sabhas is comprised of all persons in the village who have voter ID.
Gram Sabhas plays an important role in Gram Panchayat Development Plan formulation.
Step 2:
In the second stage, there is a spread of Public Awareness and Announcements regarding Gram Sabha meetings and planning.
Step 3:
Detail discussion and resolution happen on three pillars and 9 themes of Local Sustainable Development Goals at the Gram Panchayat level. Three Pillars and 9 themes are-
Social Sustainability [ Pillar 1]:
The social sustainability has four themes-
- Child Friendly Village
- Social Secured Village
- Women Friendly Village
- Village with Good Governance
Economic Sustainability [ Pillar 2]:
Economic Sustainability has three themes-
- Healthy Village
- Poverty Free Village
- Village with Self-Sufficient Infrastructure
Environmental Sustainability [ Pillar 3]
Environmental Sustainability has two themes-
- Water Sufficient Village.
- Clean and Green Village
Step 4:
In the next stage, Mahila and Bal Sabhas are organized, and local issues about them are included by the planning team.
Step 5:
In this stage, sub-groups are formed which determine the Theme-wise Plans.
Step 6:
In this stage, the Village Poverty Reduction Plan (VPRP) by Women Groups was included in the plan.
Step 7:
In this stage, Gram Sabha needs to approve the proposed plan.
Step 8:
In the last stage, the prepared Gram Panchayat Development Plan needs to be uploaded on the e-Gram Swaraj Portal.
The formation of the Gram Panchayat Development Plan in Uttar Pradesh involves a participatory, bottom-up approach that empowers Gram Panchayats and local communities to take ownership of their development agenda, priorities needs and implement context-specific solutions.
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